Topic 10: Skeletal System - Bone and Cartilage Flashcards
1
Q
What does bone (CT) consist of?
A
- cells
- matrix
2
Q
What are the cells that make up bone? (3)
A
- osteoblasts
- osteocytes
- osteoclasts
3
Q
What does the matrix of bone consist of? (3)
A
- ground substance hydroxyapatite (strength)
- water
- collagen fibres (flexibiltiy)
4
Q
What is hydroxyapatite?
A
- insoluble Ca2+ phosphate salts
5
Q
What are the two types of bone?
A
- compact bone
- Spongy Bone
6
Q
What is compact bone? (2)
A
- covers external surface of ALL bones
- composed of osteons
in lecture it is said that an osteon is not a bone cell, but there are bone cells in the osteon
7
Q
Each osteon contains what 5 components?
A
- lamellae
- lacunae
- canaluculi
- osteonic/central canal
- interosteomic/perforating canal
8
Q
What is the lamellae?
A
- concentric circles of matrix
9
Q
What are lacunae (with osteocytes)?
A
- between lamellae
- aka space within matrix where cells live
10
Q
What are canaliculi?
A
- small channels that connect osteocytes to blood supply and to each other
- lecture says perpendicular to lacunae
11
Q
Whatis the osteonic/central canal?
A
- contains blood vessels and nerves
- lined with endosteum
- lecture says its the large space through middle of osteon
12
Q
What is the interosteomic/perforating canal (2)
A
- perpendicular to central canal
- carries blood supply from periosteum to central canals and medullary cavity
13
Q
What is the structure of spongy bone? (3)
A
- No osteons
- have trabeculae
- canaliculi connects osteocytes in lacunae
14
Q
We know that spongy bone have trabeculae. What is that?
A
- irregularly arranged lamellae
15
Q
Where can spongy bone be found in? (2)
A
- flat and irregular bones (skull, ribs, vertebrae)
- long bones (epiphyses, lining medullary cavity)
16
Q
What do the spaces of spongy bone contain? (2)
A
- bone marrow
- red marrow produces blood cells
17
Q
What does hyaline cartilage consist of?
A
- chondrocyte cells
- matrix
- collagen fibres
18
Q
Where are chondrocyte cells found?
A
- lacunae
19
Q
What does the matrix of cartilage contain? (4)
A
- ground substance of condroitin sulfate and hyaluronic acid
- water
- collagen fibres
