Topic 15: Digestive System - Stomach Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four regions of the stomach?

A
  1. cardiac (cardia)
  2. Fundus
  3. Body
  4. Pyloric region (pylorus)
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2
Q

What does the cardiac region of the stomach attach to?

A
  • esophagus
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3
Q

Where is the fundus?

A
  • above esophageal entrance
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4
Q

What does the pyloric region contain?

A
  • PYLORIC SPHINCTER
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5
Q

What kind of curvature does the stomach have?

A
  • greater and lesser curvatures
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6
Q

What does the stomach convert?

A
  • converts food into chyme (food and gastric juices)
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7
Q

In the stomach mucosa, what does invagination (turning in on itself) of epithelium form?

A
  • exocrine gastric glands that secrete gastric juice to lumen
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8
Q

What do gastric glands contain?

A
  • chief cells
  • parietal cells
  • G cells
  • Goblet cells
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9
Q

What do chief cells secrete? (2)

A
  • pepsinogen
  • gastric lipase (enzymes)
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10
Q

What do parietal cells secrete?

A
  • HCl (pH 2)
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11
Q

What do G cells (enteroendocrine cells) secrete?

A
  • gastrin (hormone)
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12
Q

Where are goblet cells also found?

A
  • surface epithelium
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13
Q

What is rugae?

A
  • fold of the mucosa and submucosa due to contraction of the muscularis externa
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14
Q

What does rugae allow for?

A
  • expansion without tearing
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15
Q

What is the function of the muscularis externa?

A

churning

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16
Q

What are the 3 layers of the muscularis externa in the stomach?

A
  1. inner oblique
  2. middle circular
  3. outer longitudinal