Topic 12: Cardiovascular System - Heart Covering and Walls Flashcards
1
Q
What does the cardiovascular system include?
A
heart, blood vessels and blood
2
Q
What are two purposes of the cardiovascular system?
A
- transports gases, nutrients, hormones, wastes, and heat
- protects against disease and fluid loss (clotting)
3
Q
Which cavity is the heart located?
A
- mediastinum
4
Q
What is the mediastinum?
A
- space between lungs within thoracic cavity
5
Q
What is the covering of the heart called?
A
pericardium
6
Q
What is the pericardium?
A
- double-walled sac surrounding the heart
7
Q
What are the three layers of the pericardium?
A
- Fibrous pericardium
- Serous pericardium (parietal and visceral)
8
Q
What layer is the fibrous pericardium, and what tissue is it made of?
A
- outermost layer
- dense irregular CT
9
Q
What is the purpose of fibrous pericardium?
A
- anchors to surrounding structures
ex. diaphragm, great vessels (aorta, vena cava)
10
Q
What is the parietal pericardium?
A
- fused to fibrous pericardium
11
Q
What is the parietal sac?
A
- fibrous and parietal pericardium together
- in lecture, it is sac surrounding heart
12
Q
What is the visceral pericardium? (2)
A
- epicardium
- fused to heart surface, so it is part of heart wall
13
Q
What is between the pericardial layers?
A
- pericardial cavity with serous fluid to lubricate
14
Q
What are the 3 parts of the heart WALL?
A
- epicardium
- myocardium
- endocardium
15
Q
What tissues make up epicardium? (2)
A
- stratified squamous epithelium
- Connective tissue
