Topic 16: Urinary System - Overview + Kidneys Flashcards

1
Q

Name the 4 structures of the urinary system, and how man there are

A
  • 2 kidneys
  • 2 ureters
  • 1 urinary bladder
  • 1 urethra
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2
Q

What does the urinary system regulate? (4)

A
  • blood volume
  • blood pressure
  • pH
  • ion concentration
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3
Q

What does the urinary system eliminate?

A

watstes
ex. urea, uric acid, hormones, drugs

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4
Q

What is the location of the kidney? (2)

A
  • retroperitoneal
  • right lower than left
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5
Q

The kidney is supported and protected by 3 layers of CT. Name them

A
  1. Fibrous capsule
  2. Perirenal fat capsule
  3. Renal Fascia
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6
Q

What is the renal hilum?

A
  • medial indentation
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7
Q

The renal hilum is the entry point for what structures? (4)

A
  • renal artery (superior)
  • renal vein (inferior)
  • ureter
  • nerves
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8
Q

What are the two structures that are inside the kidney?

A
  • renal cortex (superficial)
  • renal medulla
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9
Q

What does the renal medulla contain? (2)

A
  • renal pyramids
  • renal columns
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10
Q

What is the apex of the renal pyramids called?

A

renal papilla

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11
Q

What are renal columns? (2)

A
  • separate pyramids
  • contain blood vessels
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12
Q

What is the functional unit of a kidney called?

A
  • nephron (microscopic)
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