Topic 14: Respiratory System - Respiratory Structures Continued - paranasal + pharynx

Question 1

What are the paranasal sinuses? (2)

Answer 1

8 air filled spaces in skull
- open directly into nasal cavity

Question 2

The paranasal sinuses are paired left and right spaces in what areas? (4)

Answer 2

• frontal
• ethmoid
• sphenoid
• maxillae

Question 3

What is the function of paranasal sinuses? (2)

Answer 3

• warm, moisten air
• lighten skull

Question 4

What is sinusitis?

Answer 4

• inflammation of mucous membrane

Question 5

What is the pharynx? (2)

Answer 5

• throat
• skeletal muscle lined by mucous membrane
  in lecture, can consciously contract

Question 6

What are the three regions of the pharynx?

Answer 6

• nasal pharynx
• oropharynx
• laryngopharynx

Question 7

What is the nasal pharynx? ie. location and function

Answer 7

• posterior to nasal cavity
• air passage only

Question 8

What structures does the nasal pharynx contain? (3)

Answer 8

• pharyngeal tonsil
• 2 posterior nasal apertures
• 2 pharyngotympanic tubes

Question 9

What is the oropharynx? ie. location and function (3)

Answer 9

• posterior to oral cavity
• from soft palate to top of epiglottis
• air and food passage

Question 10

What type of cells are in the oropharynx?

Answer 10

• stratified squamous epithelium

Question 11

What structures does the oropharynx contain?

Answer 11

• palatine tonsils
• lingual tonsils

Question 12

What is the laryngopharynx? ie. location and function

Answer 12

• from epiglottis to opening of larynx
• air and food pasage

Question 13

What type of cells are in the laryngopharynx?

Answer 13

• stratified squamous epithelium

Question 14

What is the larynx commonly known as, and what passes through it?

Answer 14

• voice-box
• air only

Question 15

The larynx is made of 9 _____. All are what type?

Answer 15

• cartilages
• all are hyaline cartilage except the epiglottis

Question 16

Name the 3 unpaired cartilages in the larynx/

Answer 16

1. thyroid cartilage
2. cricoid cartilage
3. epiglottis

Question 17

What is the thyroid cartilage? (2)

Answer 17

• on anterior wall
• Adam’s apple

Question 18

What does the cricoid cartilage form?

Answer 18

• complete ring

Question 19

What is the epiglottis? (2)

Answer 19

• covers glottis when swallowing
• elastic cartilage

Question 20

Name the 3 paired cartilages

Answer 20

1. arytenoid cartilage
   - do not need to know other 2

Question 21

Vocal cords are part of the 9 cartilages in the larynx. Name the two paired folds in mucosa

Answer 21

1. vestibular fold
2. vocal fold

Question 22

What is the vestibular fold of the vocal cords? (2)

Answer 22

• false vocal cords
• superior fold

Question 23

What is the vocal fold of the vocal cords? (3)

Answer 23

• true vocal cords
• inferior fold
• produce sound by vibration

Question 24

What is the glottis? (2)

Answer 24

• true vocal cords + opening
• closes to prevent food and liquid from entering trachea

Question 25

What is laryngitis? (2)

Answer 25

• inflammation of the larynx
• can arise from infection, irritation