Topic 4: Cell Cycle - For Growth and Repair + Interphase Flashcards
1
Q
What is the general result in the cell cycle?
A
- to turn a somatic “parent” cell (2n) to 2 identical somatic “daughter” cells (2n)
2
Q
What are the two stages of the cell cycle?
A
- interphase
- mitotic (M) / cell division phase
3
Q
What stages occur in interphase, and what does the cell still do despite being in this stage? (3)
A
- G1, S G2 phase
- chromosomes present as chromatin
- normal cellular metabolic activities occurring (ie. protein synthesis)
4
Q
What occurs in the G1 phase? (3)
A
- growth
- metabolism
- centrosome replication begins
5
Q
What is the G0 phase? (2)
A
- some cells do not divide again once they mature
- remain permanently in G1
6
Q
What occurs in the S phase of interphase? (4)
A
- chromosomes replicate, but are still present as chromatin (not individually visible)
- ALWAYS occurs before division (mitosis and meiosis)
- replicates are called sister chromatids
- kinetochore proteins are produced and attach to each centromere to form the kinetochore
7
Q
What is the area called in which sister chromatids are attached to each other?
A
- centromere
8
Q
What is a kinetochore? (2)
A
- a protein and DNA complex, 1 chromatid
- site of attachment of spindle microtubules
9
Q
What occurs in the G2 phase of interphase? (2)
A
- growth and metabolism
- production of enzymes and other proteins needed for cell division