Topic 2 Definitions Flashcards by Sam McGee

Q

What is active immunity?

A

Immunity from the body’s own immune response

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

What is active transport?

A

Movement against a concentration gradient using ATP

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

What is agglutination?

A

Clumping of cells or particles by antibodies

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

What is an antibody?

A

A protein that binds to antigens

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

What is an antigen?

A

A marker molecule that triggers an immune response

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

What is binary fission?

A

Prokaryotic cell division

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

What is the cell cycle?

A

Stages preparing a cell for division

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

What is the cell-surface membrane?

A

A phospholipid bilayer surrounding cells

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

What is a cell vacuole?

A

A membrane-bound structure in plant cells

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

What is a cell wall?

A

A layer surrounding plant

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

What is a chloroplast?

A

An organelle where photosynthesis occurs

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

What is clonal expansion?

A

Production of identical daughter cells

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

What is clonal selection?

A

Matching antigens with lymphocyte receptors

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

What is co-transport?

A

Simultaneous transport of two substances

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

What is cytokinesis?

A

Division of the cytoplasm

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

What is facilitated diffusion?

A

Movement through transport proteins down a gradient

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

What are flagella?

A

Whip-like structures for bacterial movement

Q

What is the fluid-mosaic model?

A

Membrane structure with mobile phospholipids

Q

What is the Golgi apparatus?

A

Organelle for protein modification and packaging

Q

What is a Helper T cell?

A

T cell that stimulates immune responses

Q

What is herd immunity?

A

Immunity when a large proportion is vaccinated

Q

What is HIV?

A

A virus that attacks T cells

Q

What are lysosomes?

A

Vesicles with hydrolytic enzymes

Q

What is magnification?

A

How much bigger an image appears

What is a mitochondrion?

Organelle where aerobic respiration occurs

What is mitosis?

Cell division to produce identical daughter cells

What are monoclonal antibodies?

Identical antibodies from a cloned immune cell

What is the nucleus?

Organelle storing genetic information

What is osmosis?

Diffusion of water down a water potential gradient

What is passive immunity?

Immunity from introduced antibodies

What is phagocytosis?

Engulfing and destroying material

What are plasmids?

Circular DNA in bacterial cytoplasm

What is the primary immune response?

Response to a first-time pathogen encounter

What is resolution?

Ability to distinguish two points

What are ribosomes?

Organelles for protein synthesis

What is RER?

Organelle for protein synthesis and packaging

What is the secondary immune response?

Response to a previously encountered pathogen

What is simple diffusion?

Movement down a concentration gradient

What is SER?

Organelle for lipid synthesis

What is a vaccine?

Dead or inactive pathogens for immunity