5.5 - Antibodies

Question 1

What are antibodies?

Answer 1

Y-shaped glycoproteins

Question 2

How many polypeptide chains make up an antibody?

Answer 2

Four

Question 3

What are the types of polypeptide chains in an antibody?

Answer 3

Two heavy chains and two light chains

Question 4

How are polypeptide chains held together?

Answer 4

Disulphide bridges

Question 5

What is the constant region of an antibody?

Answer 5

Same for all antibodies

Question 6

What is the variable region of an antibody?

Answer 6

Different for each antibody

Question 7

What is the main function of antibodies?

Answer 7

Bind to specific antigens on a pathogen’s surface

Question 8

What is formed when an antibody binds to an antigen?

Answer 8

Antigen-antibody complex

Question 9

What are the three roles of antibodies?

Answer 9

Agglutination

Question 10

What is agglutination?

Answer 10

Clumping pathogens together for easier phagocytosis

Question 11

What is neutralization of toxins?

Answer 11

Antibodies bind to toxins to inactivate them

Question 12

How do antibodies prevent pathogens from binding?

Answer 12

Block cell-surface receptors