7.3 - Heart Structure Flashcards
The chambers of the heart The valves of the heart The blood vessels associated with the heart How the structure of the heart relates to its function
How many chambers does the human heart have?
Four
What are the top chambers of the heart called?
Atria
What are the bottom chambers of the heart called?
Ventricles
What type of blood is on the left side of the heart?
Oxygenated
What type of blood is on the right side of the heart?
Deoxygenated
Why does the heart have two separate pumping mechanisms?
- Blood pressure drops in lungs
- Single pump would slow flow
- Two pumps increase pressure
What separates the two sides of the heart?
Septum
What do heart valves prevent?
Backflow of blood
Where is the tricuspid valve located?
Between right atrium and right ventricle
Where is the bicuspid valve located?
Between left atrium and left ventricle
What do atrioventricular valves prevent?
Backflow into atria when ventricles contract
Where are semilunar valves located?
Between the ventricles and pulmonary artery and the aorta
What do semilunar valves prevent?
Backflow into ventricles when they relax
What blood vessel moves oxygenated blood into the left atrium?
Pulmonary vein
What blood vessel moves oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the body?
Aorta
What blood vessel moves deoxygenated blood into the right atrium?
Vena cava
What blood vessel moves deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs?
Pulmonary artery
Why do ventricle walls differ from atria walls?
Its really simple lol
Different functions
Why are ventricle walls thicker than atria walls?
- The atria only need enough pressure to pump blood a short distance into the ventricles.
- The ventricles need a lot of pressure to pump blood a long distance out of the heart to other organs.
Why is the left ventricle wall thicker than the right ventricle wall?
Left ventricle pumps blood further to the body
