6.3 - Gas Exchange in Insects Flashcards
Why insects need gas exchange systems Structural and functional compromises in insect gas exchange The structures involved in insect gas exchange How gas exchange occurs in insects Additional ventilation mechanisms in insects
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Why do insects need gas exchange?
- To deliver oxygen to cells
- To remove carbon dioxide from cells
Why do insects need efficient gas exchange systems?
Deliver oxygen
What conflicting needs do insect gas exchange systems balance?
Maximizing gas exchange
What covers the insect exoskeleton to prevent water loss?
Waterproof cuticle
What are the main structures of the insect gas exchange system?
Tracheae
What are tracheae?
Air-filled tubes branching throughout the body
What are tracheoles?
Fine branches of tracheae delivering gases to cells
What are spiracles?
External openings of the tracheal system
What are adaptations of tracheae?
Reinforced with chitin
What are adaptations of tracheoles?
Penetrate tissues
What are adaptations of spiracles?
Open and close
How does gas exchange occur in insects?
Air enters spiracles
How are concentration gradients maintained?
Oxygen used in respiration
What are other ventilation mechanisms in insects?
Mechanical active ventilation
How does lactate accumulation affect gas exchange?
Reduces water potential
