8.3 - Protein Synthesis: Transcription Flashcards

The process of transcription A comparison of transcription in prokaryotes and eukaryotes

1
Q

What is transcription?

A

Creating an mRNA copy of a gene from DNA

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2
Q

Where does transcription take place in eukaryotic cells?

A

Nucleus

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3
Q

What enzyme begins transcription?

A

RNA polymerase

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4
Q

What happens when RNA polymerase binds to DNA?

A

Hydrogen bonds break (unzipping of the strand)

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5
Q

Which DNA strand acts as the template for mRNA synthesis?

A

Antisense strand

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6
Q

How do free RNA nucleotides align with the DNA template?

A

Complementary base pairing

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7
Q

What base pairs with adenine in RNA?

A

Uracil

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8
Q

What enzyme catalyses the formation of phosphodiester bonds?

A

RNA polymerase

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9
Q

What is formed during transcription?

A

Complementary mRNA strand

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10
Q

When does transcription end?

A

RNA polymerase reaches a stop codon

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11
Q

What happens to mRNA and DNA after transcription?

A

mRNA released

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12
Q

What is the difference between transcription in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

A

mRNA is spliced in eukaryotes but not in prokaryotes

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13
Q

What is pre-mRNA?

A

Initial mRNA transcript in eukaryotes (before it goes through splicing)

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14
Q

What happens during RNA splicing?

A

Introns are removed

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15
Q

What does mature mRNA consist of?

A

Exon sequences

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16
Q

Where does mature mRNA travel for translation?