8.3 - Protein Synthesis: Transcription

Question 1

What is transcription?

Answer 1

Creating an mRNA copy of a gene from DNA

Question 2

Where does transcription take place in eukaryotic cells?

Answer 2

Nucleus

Question 3

What enzyme begins transcription?

Answer 3

RNA polymerase

Question 4

What happens when RNA polymerase binds to DNA?

Answer 4

Hydrogen bonds break (unzipping of the strand)

Question 5

Which DNA strand acts as the template for mRNA synthesis?

Answer 5

Antisense strand

Question 6

How do free RNA nucleotides align with the DNA template?

Answer 6

Complementary base pairing

Question 7

What base pairs with adenine in RNA?

Answer 7

Uracil

Question 8

What enzyme catalyses the formation of phosphodiester bonds?

Answer 8

RNA polymerase

Question 9

What is formed during transcription?

Answer 9

Complementary mRNA strand

Question 10

When does transcription end?

Answer 10

RNA polymerase reaches a stop codon

Question 11

What happens to mRNA and DNA after transcription?

Answer 11

mRNA released

Question 12

What is the difference between transcription in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Answer 12

mRNA is spliced in eukaryotes but not in prokaryotes

Question 13

What is pre-mRNA?

Answer 13

Initial mRNA transcript in eukaryotes (before it goes through splicing)

Question 14

What happens during RNA splicing?

Answer 14

Introns are removed

Question 15

What does mature mRNA consist of?

Answer 15

Exon sequences

Question 16

Where does mature mRNA travel for translation?

Answer 16

Cytoplasm