21.3 - In Vitro Cloning Flashcards by Sam McGee

Q

What is the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)?

i.e what is it used to do?

A

Method for amplifying DNA fragments

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Q

What does amplifying mean?

A

Producing a large number of DNA fragments

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Q

What components are required for PCR?

A

DNA fragment

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Q

What is the function of primers in PCR?

A

Attach to start and end of DNA fragment

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Q

What is the function of DNA polymerase in PCR?

A

Creates new DNA strands

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Q

What is the function of free nucleotides in PCR?

A

Building blocks for new DNA strands

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Q

What is the function of a thermocycler in PCR?

A

Heats and cools PCR mixture

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Q

What are the three main stages of PCR?

A

Separation (denaturation)

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Q

What happens during separation (denaturation)?

A

DNA strands separated by heating

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Q

What happens during addition of primers (annealing)?

A

Primers attach to DNA strands

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Q

What happens during DNA synthesis (extension)?

A

DNA polymerase adds nucleotides

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Q

What are the advantages of PCR?

A

Rapid speed

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