6.9 - Digestive Enzymes Flashcards
What digestive enzymes are The roles of enzymes in digesting carbohydrates The roles of enzymes in digesting lipids The roles of enzymes in digesting proteins
What is the role of digestive enzymes?
Catalyse hydrolysis reactions that break bonds in large insoluble food molecules to form smaller soluble molecules, which can be absorbed into the bloodstream
What are the three main types of digestive enzymes?
- Carbohydrases
- Lipases
- Proteases
What do carbohydrases break down?
Carbohydrates
Where are carbohydrases produced?
Salivary glands
What is the function of salivary amylase?
Breaks down starch into maltose
What happens to salivary amylase in the stomach?
It is denatured
What is the function of pancreatic amylase?
Continues starch digestion
What is the function of maltase?
Breaks down maltose into glucose
What is the function of sucrase?
Hydrolyses sucrose into glucose and fructose
What is the function of lactase?
Hydrolyses lactose into glucose and galactose
What do lipases break down?
Lipids
Where are lipases produced?
Pancreas
How are lipids emulsified?
By bile salts into micelles
What is the function of pancreatic lipase?
Breaks down micelles into fatty acids and monoglycerides
What do proteases break down?
Proteins
Where are proteases produced?
Stomach
What are the three types of proteases?
Endopeptidases
What is the function of endopeptidases?
Hydrolyse internal peptide bonds
What is the function of exopeptidases?
Hydrolyse peptide bonds at the ends
What is the function of dipeptidases?
Break down dipeptides into amino acids
