Chapter 6: Microbial Metabolism Introduction Flashcards
1
Q
What is metabolism?
A
- sum of all chemical reactions that take place in an organism
2
Q
What are the two classes of metabolism?
A
anabolic and catabolic
3
Q
Anabolic reactions ____ energy, while catabolic reactions ___ energy
A
- require
- generate
4
Q
What is anabolism (biosynthesis)? (2)
A
- the building of complex organic molecules from simpler ones
- energy consumed
- ex AA to proteins
5
Q
What is catabolism?
A
- the breakdown of complex organic molecules into simpler ones
- energy released
- ex proteins broken down into AA
6
Q
Energy is stored in the form of ATP. How does ATP provide energy, and what is this energy used for?
A
- high energy bond is broken
- energy released is used as the driving force for other reactions
7
Q
How is ATP generated?
A
- using energy from catabolic reactions
- note that generation of ATP is continuous (some energy lost as heat)
8
Q
Which process generates the most ATP?
A
- oxidative phosphorylation
9
Q
One molecule of glucose generates about __ ATP?
A
34
10
Q
What are the two key functions of ATP within the cell? (2)
A
- energy currency of the cell, by releasing energy when hydrolyzed to ADP (powers cellular metabolism)
- It may transfer the released phosphate group to other organic molecules, rendering them less stable and more reactive
11
Q
We know that ATP is synthesized from ADP. Which two sources does ATP use energy from to do this?
A
- solar energy
- Oxidative processes
12
Q
How is ADP converted to ATP using solar energy?
A
- photosynthesis converts light energy into chemical energy that is stored in ATP
13
Q
How is ADP converted to ATP using oxidative processes?
A
- cell respiration breaks down organic molecules to release chemical energy that is stored as ATP
14
Q
In lecture, why is ATP like an investment?
A
- you use glucose to use as energy
15
Q
What is oxidation?
A
- removal of electron from a molecule
