Chapter 24: Digestive System Infections - Lower Bacterial Flashcards
1
Q
What are common symptoms of bacterial diseases of the lower digestive system? (3)
A
- gastroenteritis
- Diarrhea
- Dysentary
- Intoxication
2
Q
What is gastroenteristis?
A
- inflammation of the stomach and intestine
3
Q
What is dysentary?
A
- severe diarrhea accompanied by blood and mucus
4
Q
What is intoxication?
A
- ingestion of toxins in food
5
Q
What occurs in intoxication? (2)
A
Very sudden appearance of symptoms
- rarely involves fever
6
Q
What occurs in the lower digestive system after ingestion of bacteria? (3)
A
- food borne infection
- incubation period while pathogen increases in number
- often involves fever
7
Q
What bacterium causes cholera?
A
- Vibrio cholerae
8
Q
Where does Vibrio cholerae live? (2)
A
- brackish (salty) water
- spreads easily in freshwater
9
Q
How is cholera transmitted?
A
- fecal contamination of food and water
10
Q
How does cholera infect the body? (3)
A
- Bacteria that survive passage through the stomach colonize the small intestine
- Produces cholera toxin (an enterotoxin)
- Causes intestinal secrete water and electrolytes
11
Q
What are the symptoms of cholera? (3)
A
- extremely water diarrhea:
- up to 20 L of fluid lost per day
- causes shock, collapse, death from dehydration
12
Q
How can you treat cholera? (2)
A
- rehydration therapy (clean drinking water)
- nearly 100% survival rate
13
Q
How can you prevent cholera?
A
- sanitation and chlorinated drinking water
14
Q
What bacterium causes shingles?
A
- shigella (close relative of E. coli)
15
Q
How is shegellosis transmitted?
A
- through food and water contaminated with human feces
