Chapter 15: Adaptive Immune Response - Cells Flashcards
1
Q
What are the cells of the adaptive immune response? (2)
A
- Lymphocytes (T and B)
- APCs
2
Q
What are B lymphocytes? (2)
A
- B cells
- antibody producing cells
- involved in humoral immune response
3
Q
What are the two T lymphocyte cells?
A
- Helper T cells (TH0
- cytotoxic T cells (Tc)
4
Q
What do helper T cells do?
A
- help B and Tc cells prepare for an immune response
5
Q
What do cytotoxic T cells do?
A
- destroy abnormal cells
ex. cells infected by viruses and cancer cells
6
Q
What cells are APCs? (3) exam q
A
- macrophages
- B cells
- dendritic cells
7
Q
How do APCs work?
A
- foreign material (bacteria cell) engulfed by APC
- Antigen is processed and presented to T cells along with self antigens
- T cells become activated against the foreign material
8
Q
What are self antigens? (2)
A
- part of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC)
- check to prevent destruction of our own cells by mistake
9
Q
Which MHC is present in APCs?
A
class II
10
Q
The B cell response is ____ immunity
A
humoral
11
Q
What does each naive B cell carry?
A
- Ig for one epitope on its surface
12
Q
Where do B cells circulate and gather?
A
blood, and gathers in lymphoid organs (i think maybe thymus)
13
Q
What happens if the B cell encounters its specific epitope? (4)
A
- B cell receptor binds to the epitope to activate
- B cell receptor bind to epitope on antigen (Clonal selection)
- Antigen is phagocytized
- Antigen is digested into small fragments
14
Q
What happens in the B cell response AFTER antigen is digested into small fragments? (3)
A
- small fragments are presented on the surface along with MHC II to TH cells
- if a TH cell recognizes the fragment as foreign, it activates the B cell to multiply and differentiate
- B cell undergoes Clonal expansion
15
Q
What is clonal expansion?
A
The activated B cell divides and differentiates into:
1. Plasma cells
2. Memory B cells
