Chapter 22: Skin Infections - Viral Diseases of the Skin Flashcards
What is the VIRUS called from Varicella (chickenpox)?
- Varicella-Zoster virus (Human Herpes virus 3)
Is varicella contagious?
very much so
How is Varicella transmitted?
transmitted by respiratory droplets
How long is incubation period for Varicella?
- can last 10-21 days
What does varicella develop into? (2)
- characteristic rash
- raised itchy lesion
The Varicella-Zoster Virus remains LATENT for years. which nerves is it latent in?
- nerve cells
Varicella can be reactivated years later. What is this disease called, and what does it result in?
- Shingles
- painful lesions
How do you treat Varicella?
Acylclovir
How do you prevent Varicella-Zoste Virus?
Attenuated whole agent vaccine
- part of MMRV
What is Rubeola commonly known as?
- Measles virus
How is Rubeola transmitted?
- respiratory droplets
- highly contagious
What is the incubation period of rubeola?
10-12 days
What are the symptoms of rubeola? (3)
- cold-like symptoms
- Koplik spots
- macular rash
What complications can Rubeola cause? (4)
- viral pneumonia
- encephalitis
- brain damage
- SSPE
How can you treat Rubeola?
- none
How can you prevent measles?
- Attenuated vaccine (part of MMRV)
Can measles be eradicated? why or why not?
- yes cuz humans are the only reservoirs
How many people die from measles before and after the vaccine was created?
Before - 2.6 million annually
After - approx 200 k
What is Rubella? (3)
- German measles
- Rubella VIRUS
- milder disease than measles
What are the symptoms of rubella?
- faint pink rash
What complications can occur if a mother is infected with Rubella during the first 3 months of pregnancy? (2)
- fetus can develop congenital rubella syndrome
- birth defects include eye cataracts, deafness, heart defects, intellectual disability, still birth
How can you treat Rubella?
- no treatment
How do you prevent rubella? (2)
- attenuated vaccine (MMRV)
- Cannot give it to pregnant mothers
