Chapter 21: Respiratory System Infections - Streptococcal Pharyngitis Flashcards
1
Q
What bacteria causes Streptococcal pharyngitis, aka strep throat? (2)
A
- Streptococcus pyogenes
- group A streptococci (GAS)
2
Q
What are the symptoms of strep throat? (4)
A
- sore throat
- pus
- red spots
- fever
3
Q
What are the virulence factors for Streptococcal pharyngitis? (4)
A
- streptolysins
- streptokinase
- capsules
- M proteins
4
Q
What are streptolysins?
A
- exoenzymes that lyse red and white blood cells
5
Q
What are streptokinases?
A
A fibrinolysin
6
Q
What does the capsule do for strep throat?
A
- prevents phagocytosis
7
Q
What are M proteins?
A
- surface antigens that interfere with complement
8
Q
What is the treatment for Streptococcal pharyngitis?
A
penicillin
9
Q
Some Group A Streptococci (GAS) have additional virulence factors. What is it?
A
- Scarlet fever
10
Q
What toxin causes scarlet fever, and what are the symptoms? (4)
A
- Erythogenic toxin (reddeing toxin)
- severe high fever
- scarlet red tongue
- sandpaper-like red rash
“infects tissue faster than the surgeon can cut it out”
11
Q
What is post-streptococcal Sequelae?
A
- complications that can develop after recovery from strep throat
12
Q
What two diseases/complications can arise after recovery from strep throat?
A
- rheumatic fever
- carditis
13
Q
What occurs in rheumatic fever?
A
- antibodies against M proteins also damage heart tissue and valves
14
Q
What are the symptoms of rheumatic fever? (3)
A
- fever
- joint pain
- nodules at the joints
15
Q
What is carditis?
A
inflammation of the heart
