Chapter 21: Respiratory System Infections - Pneumonia Flashcards
What is bacterial pneumonias? Which bacteria causes it?
- infection of the lungs
- can be caused by many different bacteria
Pneumococcal pneumonia is a bacterial pneumonias. Which bacterium causes it?
- Streptococcus pneumoniae - Gram +
What are the symptoms of pneumcoccal pneumonia? (5)
- high fever
- difficulty breathing
- chest pain
- coughing
- prostration
How would you treat pneumococcal pneumonia? (2)
- often requires hospitalization
- antibiotics
How would you prevent pneumococcal pneumonia? (3)
- subunit vaccine (capsule pulysaccharide)
- mostly used for those at risk (elderly, smokers, alcoholics)
- conjugate vaccines, effective at 2 months of age
What bacterium causes klebsiella pneumonia?
Klebsiella pneumoniae, Gram -
What are the symptoms of klebsiella pneumonia?
similar to pneumococcal pneumonia
How would you treat Klebsiella pneumonia? (2)
- broad spectrum antibiotics
- however, resistance is a growing problem
Why is resistance a problem with klebsiella pneumonia? (2)
- KPC, klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenamase (beta lactamase)
- frequent cause of nosocomial infectios
How is Klebsiella pneumonia prevented?
- infection control measures
ie. controlling chain of transmission
What other bacteria cause pneumonia?
- Haemophilus influenzae
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa
- Mycoplasma pneumoniae
What diid Haemophilus influenzae cause?
- major cause of pneumonia in young children
Who did pseudomonas aeruginosa affect?
major cause of pneumonia in cystic fibrosis patients
What did mycoplasma pneumoniae cause? (2)
- “walking pneumonia”
- similar to other pneumonias, but mild
- rarely requires hospitalization
