Chapter 16: Host-Microbe Interactions: Opportunistic pathogens + Classifications of Disease Flashcards
1
Q
What are opportunistic pathogens? (2)
A
- Microbes that are part of the normal microbiota
- do not normally cause disease
2
Q
How can opportunistic pathogens cause disease? (3)
A
- transferred to another part of the body
- human host becomes immuno-compromised
- normal microbiota is disturbed
3
Q
Explain how E. Coli is an opportunistic pathogen (2)
A
- normal resident of the large intestine
- if transferred to the urinary tract, it can cause infection
4
Q
Explain of S. pneumoniae is an opportunistic pathogen (2)
A
- normal resident of the respiratory tract
- when host is already weakened (ex. after having a cold), it can cause pneumonia
5
Q
What are symptoms?
A
what a patient feels
ex. pain, malaise
6
Q
Symptom can be ___ and ____
A
subjective and variable
7
Q
What are signs?
A
- an objective change a physician can measure
ex. lesions, swelling, fever, paralysis
8
Q
What is a syndrome?
A
- a specific group of symptoms and signs that always accompany a particular disease
9
Q
How can diseases be classified by? (2)
A
- based on effect of host and on population
10
Q
What is a communicable disease?
A
- a disease that spreads from one host to another
ex. chicken pox, measles, gonorrhea
11
Q
What is a contagious disease?
A
- easily spread
ex. chicken pox and measles
12
Q
What is a non-communicable disease?
A
- does not spread between people
ex. salmonellosis, cancer
13
Q
In lecture, is rabies communicable or non-communicable?
A
- considered a communicable disease
14
Q
What are the 5 progressions of infectious disease?
A
- incubation period
- prodromal period
- period of illness
- period of decline
- period of convalescence
15
Q
What is the incubation period?
A
- time between infection and first signs or symptoms
