Chapter 20: Antibacterial Drugs - Inhibitors Flashcards
1
Q
What drug is an inhibitor of essential metabolite synthesis?
A
sulfonamides (Sulfa drugs):
- synthetic antimicrobials
2
Q
What do sulfonamides do?
A
- blocks folate production
3
Q
Are sulfonamides still used? (2)
A
- lost importance when antibiotics were developed
- still used for certain UTIs, prevent infections in burn patients
4
Q
What are antimycobacterial antibiotics?
A
- very narrow spectrum
- inhibit synthesis of the cell wall of mycobacterium
5
Q
What drug is an antimycobacterial antibiotic? (3) important
A
- isoniazid
- used with rifampin to treat tuberculosis
- reduces chance of resistance
6
Q
What are the 4 steps to antibiotic resistance?
A
- Decreased uptake
- Inactivation of the drug
- altering the target
- removal from the cell
7
Q
What occurs in decreased uptake?
A
- drug blocked from entering cell
8
Q
What is an example of inactivation?
A
beta lactamase aka penicillinase
9
Q
What occurs in altering the target?
A
- targeted cell structure is altered so that the drug cannot bind
10
Q
What occurs in removal from the cell? (2)
A
- drug enters cell
- ejected by an efflux pump
