Chapter 3: Suffixes: Vocabulary

Question 1

hernia

Answer 1

Protrusion of an organ or the muscular wall of an organ through the cavity that normally contains it.

Question 2

hiatal hernia

Answer 2

The stomach protrudes upward into the mediastinum through the esophageal opening in the diaphragm.

Question 3

inguinal hernia

Answer 3

Part of the intestine protrudes downward into the groin region and commonly into the scrotal sac in men.

Question 4

cystocele

Answer 4

Part of the urinary bladder herniates through the vaginal wall as a result of weak pelvic muscles.

Question 5

rectocele

Answer 5

Protrustion of a portion of the rectum toward the vagina.

Question 6

omphalocele

Answer 6

Hernation of the intestines through a weakness in the abdominal wall around the navel at time of birth in infants.

Question 7

streptococcus

Answer 7

Berry-shaped bacterium. Grows in twisted chains

Question 8

staphylococci

Answer 8

Berry-shaped bacterium. Grows in small clusters.

Question 9

abscess

Answer 9

Collection of pus, white blood cells, and protein that is present at the site of infection

Question 10

methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

MRSA

Answer 10

A serious staphylococcal condition that is difficult to treat with antibiotics.

Question 11

diplococci

Answer 11

Berry-shaped bacteria organized into pairs

Question 12

pneumococci

Answer 12

Causes bacterial pneumonia

Question 13

gonococci

Answer 13

Invades the reproductive organs, causing gonorrhea

Question 14

erythrocytes

Answer 14

Red blood cells

Question 15

hemoglobin

Answer 15

An important protein in red blood cells. Carries oxygen through the bloodstream.

Question 16

leukocytes

Answer 16

White blood cells

Question 17

granulocytes

Answer 17

Dark-staining granules in their cytoplasm. Contains a multilobed nucleus.

Three types are:

• eosinophils
• basophils
• neutrophils

Question 18

eosinophil

Answer 18

Type of granulocyte that increases in number in allergic reactions.

Question 19

basophil

Answer 19

Type of granulocyte that increases in number during the healing phase of inflammation.

Question 20

neutrophil

Answer 20

The more important disease-fighting granulocyte, as well as the most numerous. These are phagocytes, engulfing and digesting bacteria.

Question 21

mononuclear cells

Answer 21

Have one large nucleus and only a few granules in their cytoplasm.

Produced in bone marrow, lymph nodes, and in the spleen.

Two types:

• lymphocytes
• monocytes

Question 22

lymphocyte

Answer 22

Lymph cells fight disease by producing antibodies, destroying foreign cells.

Question 23

monocyte

Answer 23

Engulfs and destroys cellular debris after neutrophils have attacked foreign cells.

Leaves the bloodstream and enters tissues to become macrophages.

Question 24

thrombocyte

Answer 24

Clotting cell

Question 25

acromegaly

Answer 25

An endocrine disorder where the pituitary gland produces an excessive amount of growth hormone after puberty has ended.

Question 26

gigantism

Answer 26

The result of overproduction of the pituitary growth hormone beginning in childhood.

Question 27

laparoscopy

Answer 27

Visual examination of the abdominal cavity using a laparoscope

Question 28

tracheotomy

Answer 28

Incision into the trachea

Question 29

tracheostomy

Answer 29

An opening into the trachea through which an indwelling tube is inserted to allow air to flow into the lungs or to help remove mucus from the bronchial tubes.

Question 30

adenoids

Answer 30

Small masses of lymphatic tissue in the part of the pharynx near the nose and nasal passages.