Chapter 15: Musculoskeletal System: Joint Pathology

Question 1

arthritis

Answer 1

Inflammation of a joint

Question 2

ankylosing spondylitis

Answer 2

Chronic, progressive arthritis with stiffening of spinal joints, primarily of the spine

Question 3

gouty arthritis (gout)

Answer 3

Inflammation and painful swelling of joints caused by excessive uric acid in the body

Question 4

osteoarthritis

Answer 4

Progressive, degenerative joint disease with loss of articular cartilage and hypertrophy of bone (formation of osteophytes, or bone spurs) at articular surfaces

Question 5

rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 5

Chronic joint condition with inflammation and pain; caused by an autoimmune reaction against joint tissue, particularly the synovial membrane

Question 6

bunion

Answer 6

Enlargement of bone or tissue around the joint at the base of the big toe

Question 7

carpal tunnel syndrome

Answer 7

Compression of the median nerve as it passes between the transverse ligament, and bones and tendons of the wrist

Question 8

dislocation

Answer 8

Displacement of a bone from its joint

Question 9

ganglion cyst

Answer 9

Fluid-filled sac arising from joint capsules or tendons

Question 10

herniation of an intervertebral disk (disc)

Answer 10

Abnormal protrustion of an intervertebral disk into the spinal canal or spinal nerves

Question 11

Lyme disease (Lyme arthritis)

Answer 11

Chronic, recurrent disorder marked by severe arthritis, myalgia, and malaisa; cause is bacterium carried by a tick

Question 12

sprain

Answer 12

Trauma to a joint is swelling and injury to ligaments

Question 13

strain

Answer 13

Injuring involving the overstretching of muscle

Question 14

systemic lupus erythematosus

Answer 14

Chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease involving joints, skin, kidneys, central nervous system, heart, and lungs