Chapter 13: Blood System: Review Flashcards

1
Q

White blood cell with reddish granules; numbers increase in allergic reactions:

a) lymphocyte
b) eosinophil
c) neutrophil
d) erythrocyte
e) basophil

A

b) eosinophil

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2
Q

Protein threads that form the basis of a clot:

a) fibrinogen
b) globulin
c) hemoglobin
d) thrombin
e) fibrin

A

e) fibrin

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3
Q

Method of separating out plasma proteins by electrical charge:

a) plasmapheresis
b) hematocrit
c) electrophoresis
d) coagulation time
e) leukapheresis

A

c) electrophoresis

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4
Q

Foreign material that invades the body:

a) neutrophils
b) macrophages
c) antibodies
d) antigens
e) granulocytes

A

d) antigens

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5
Q

Pigment produced from hemoglobin when red blood cells are destroyed:

a) serum
b) albumin
c) globulin
d) plasma
e) bilirubin

A

e) bilirubin

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6
Q

An undifferentiated blood cell is called a(an):

a) granulocyte
b) segmented cell
c) hematopoietic stem cell
d) thrombocyte
e) lymphocyte

A

c) hematopoietic stem cell

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7
Q

Anticoagulant found in the blood:

a) heparin
b) prothrombin
c) thrombin
d) gamma globulin
e) Vitamin B12

A

a) heparin

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8
Q

A disorder of red blood cell morphology is:

a) multiple myeloma
b) poikilocytosis
c) monocytosis
d) acute myelocytic leukemia
e) hemochromatosis

A

b) poikilocytosis

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9
Q

Deficiency in numbers of white blood cells:

a) neutropenia
b) hypochromia
c) leukocytosis
d) chronic lymphoid leukemia
e) spherocytosis

A

a) neutropenia

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10
Q

Immature red blood cell:

a) thombocyte
b) monoblast
c) segmented
d) erythroblast
e) megakaryoblast

A

d) erythroblast

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11
Q

Derived from bone marrow:

a) myeloid
b) lymphoid
c) granulocytopenic
d) polymorphonuclear
e) phagocytic

A

a) myeloid

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12
Q

Breakdown of recipient’s red blood cells when incompatible bloods are mixed:

a) erythrocytosis
b) hemolysis
c) embolism
d) anticoagulation
e) erythropoiesis

A

b) hemolysis

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13
Q

Sideropenia occurs causing deficient production of hemoglobin:

a) pernicious anemia
b) iron deficiency anemia
c) aplastic anemia
d) hemolytic anemia
e) thalassemia

A

b) iron deficiency anemia

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14
Q

Reduction in red cells due to excessive cell destruction:

a) pernicious anemia
b) iron deficiency anemia
c) aplastic anemia
d) hemolytic anemia
e) thalassemia

A

d) hemolytic anemia

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15
Q

Failure of blood cell production due to absence of formation of cells in the bone marrow:

a) pernicious anemia
b) iron deficiency anemia
c) aplastic anemia
d) hemolytic anemia
e) thalassemia

A

c) aplastic anemia

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16
Q

Inherited defect in ability to produce hemoglobin:

a) pernicious anemia
b) iron deficiency anemia
c) aplastic anemia
d) hemolytic anemia
e) thalassemia

A

e) thalassemia

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17
Q

Lack of mature red cells due to inability to absorb vitamin B12 into the body:

a) pernicious anemia
b) iron deficiency anemia
c) aplastic anemia
d) hemolytic anemia
e) thalassemia

A

a) pernicious anemia

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18
Q

Excessive deposits of iron throughout the body:

a) polycythemia vera
b) Cooley anemia
c) purpura
d) hemochromatosis
e) thrombocytopenia

A

d) hemochromatosis

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19
Q

Symptoms of pallor, shortness of breath, infection, bleeding gums, predominance of immature and abnormally functioning leukocytes, and low numbers of mature neutrophils in a young child may indicate a likely diagnosis of:

a) sickle cell anemia
b) hemostasis
c) acute lymphoid leukemia
d) chronic lymphoid leukemia
e) hemoglobinopathy

A

c) acute lymphoid leukemia

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20
Q

Excessive bleeding caused by congenital lack of factor VIII or IX:

a) autoimmune thrombocytopenia purpura
b) granulocytosis
c) polycythemia vera
d) erythremia
e) hemophilia

A

e) hemophilia

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21
Q

Venous blood is clotted in a test tube:

a) hematocrit
b) white blood cell differential
c) erythrocyte sedimentation rate
d) coagulation time
e) red blood cell morphology

A

d) coagulation time

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22
Q

Sample of blood is spun in a test tube so that red cells fall to the bottom and percentage of RBCs is taken:

a) hematocrit
b) white blood cell differential
c) erythrocyte sedimentation rate
d) coagulation time
e) red blood cell morphology

A

a) hematocrit

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23
Q

Blood smear is examined to determine the shape or form of cells:

a) hematocrit
b) white blood cell differential
c) erythrocyte sedimentation rate
d) coagulation time
e) red blood cell morphology

A

e) red blood cell morphology

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24
Q

Leukocytes are stained and counted under a microscope to see numbers of mature and immature forms:

a) hematocrit
b) white blood cell differential
c) erythrocyte sedimentation rate
d) coagulation time
e) red blood cell morphology

A

b) white blood cell differential

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25
Venous blood is collected; anticoagulant added and the distance cells fall in a period of time is determined: a) hematocrit b) white blood cell differential c) erythrocyte sedimentation rate d) coagulation time e) red blood cell morphology
c) erythrocyte sedimentation rate
26
Blood protein that maintains the proper proportion and concentration of water in blood: a) bilirubin b) prothrombin c) fibrinogen d) albumin e) globulin
d) albumin
27
Swelling; fluid leaks out into tissue spaces: a) petechiae b) edema c) ecchymoses d) dyscrasia e) autologous transfusion
b) edema
28
IgM, IgG, IgA, IgD, IgE: a) megakaryocytes b) eosinophils c) neutrophils d) stem cells e) immunoglobulins
e) immunoglobulins
29
Symptoms of disease return: a) palliative b) relapse c) hemoglobinopathy d) remission e) spherocytosis
b) relapse
30
Relieving symptoms, but not curing disease: a) coagulopathy b) hemostasis c) hematocrit d) palliative e) myelopoiesis
d) palliative
31
Orange-yellow pigment in bile; formed by the breakdown of hemoglobin
bilirubin
32
Blood protein that maintains the proper amount of water in the blood
albumin
33
White blood cell containing granules that stain red; associated with allergic reactions
eosinophil
34
Blood clotting
coagulation
35
Method of separating serum proteins by electrical charge
electrophoresis
36
Foreign substance that stimulates the production of an antibody
antigen
37
Red blood cell
erythrocyte
38
Change in structure and function of a cell as it matures
differentiation
39
White blood cell containing granules that stain blue; associated with release of histamine and heparin
basophil
40
Hormone secreted by the kidneys that stimulates red blood cell formation
erythropoietin
41
Immunoglobulin produced by lymphocytes to combat specific antigens
antibody
42
Protein threads that form the basis of a blood clot
fibrin
43
Monocyte that migrates from the blood to tissue spaces; a phagocyte
macrophage
44
Response of the immune system to foreign invasion
immune reaction
45
Mononuclear leukocyte that produces antibodies
lymphocyte
46
Anticoagulant found in blood and tissue cells
heparin
47
Destruction or breakdown of blood
hemolysis
48
Liquid portion of the blood
plasma
49
Blood protein containing iron
hemoglobin
50
Plasma protein that is converted to fibrin in the clotting process
fibrinogen
51
White blood cell with numerous dark-staining granules; neutrophil, basophil, and eosinophil
granulocyte
52
Plasma proteins; alpha, beta, and gamma
globulins
53
White blood cell containing granules and formed in bone marrow
neutrophil
54
Small blood fragment that collects at sites of injury to begin the clotting process
platelet (thrombocyte)
55
Unspecialized cell that gives rise to mature, specialized forms; found in bone marrow
hematopoietic stem cell
56
Removal of plasma from withdrawn blood by centrifuge
plasmapheresis
57
Plasma minus clotting proteins and cells
serum
58
Protein with antibody activity; IgC, IgA, IgM, IgD, and IgE are examples
immunoglobulin
59
Immature erythrocyte
reticulocyte
60
White blood cell with dark-staining blue granules; releases heparin and histamine
basophil
61
Pertaining to a deficiency in colour (of red blood cells)
hypochromic
62
White blood cell with dark-staining red granules; elevated in allergic reactions
eosinophil
63
Disorder marked by abnormality in hemoglobin
hemoglobinopathy
64
Destruction or breakdown of blood (red blood cells)
hemolysis
65
Study of cells
cytology
66
Percentage of red blood cells in a volume of blood
hematocrit
67
Disorder or disease of clotting
coagulopathy
68
Deficiency of red blood cells
erythrocytopenia
69
Substance that stops blood clotting
anticoagulant
70
Deficiency of white blood cells
leukocytopenia
71
Immature bone marrow cell
myeloblast
72
Study of the shape (of cells)
morphology
73
Deficiency of neutrophils
neutropenia
74
Abnormal formation of bone marrow
myelodisplasia
75
White blood cell with one large nucleus
monocyte
76
Cell that eats or swallows bacteria and debris
phagocyte
77
Deficiency of iron
sideropenia
78
Deficiency of platelets
thrombocytopenia
79
Pertaining to a white blood cell with multi-lobed (shaped) nucleus
polymorphonuclear
80
Immature white blood cell
monoblast
81
Abnormal condition of small red blood cells
microcytosis
82
Immature red blood cell
erythroblast
83
Abnormal condition of red blood cells that are irregularly shaped
poikilocytosis
84
Plasma is separated from other parts of the blood
plasmapheresis
85
Abnormal condition of rounded red blood cells
spherocytosis
86
Abnormal condition of large red blood cells
macrocytosis
87
White blood cells are separated from other parts of the blood
leukapheresis
88
Clotting cells are separated from other parts of the blood
plateletpheresis
89
Iron-containing protein in red blood cells
hemoglobin
90
Antibody-containing protein in blood
immunoglobulin
91
Therapy used to dissolve (breakdown) clots
thrombolytic therapy
92
Resembling bone marrow cells
myeloid
93
Deficiency of granulocytes
granulocytopenia
94
Increase in numbers of neutrophils
neurtophilia
95
Abnormal condition of clotting
thrombosis
96
Formation of blood
hematopoiesis
97
Deficiency of all types of blood cells
pancytopenia
98
Formation of bone marrow cells
myelopoiesis
99
Stopping or controlling the flow of blood
hemostasis
100
Multiple pinpoint hemorrhages and accumulation of blood under the skin
purpura
101
General increase in red blood cells (erythremia)
polycythemia vera
102
Excess iron deposits throughout the body
hemochromatosis
103
Hereditary condition characterized by abnormal crescent shape of erythrocytes and by destruction of red blood cells
sickle cell anemia
104
Inherited defect in the ability to produce hemoglobin, usually seen in person of Mediterranean background
thalassemia
105
Infectious disease marked by increased numbers of leukocytes and enlarged cervical lymph nodes
mononucleosis
106
Reduction in red cells due to excessive destruction
hemolytic anemia
107
Failure of blood cell production due to absence of formation of bone marrow cells
aplastic anemia
108
Excessive bleeding caused by hereditary lack of factor VIII or factor IX necessary for blood clotting
hemophilia
109
Lack of mature erythrocytes caused by inability to absorb vitamin B12 into the body
pernicious anemia
110
Abnormal numbers of relatively mature lymphocytes predominate in the bone marrow, lymph nodes, and spleen
chronic lymphoid leukemia
111
Immature granulocytes predominate in the bone marrow
acute myeloid leukemia
112
Both mature and immature granulocytes are present in the bone marrow and bloodstream
chronic myeloid leukemia
113
Immature lymphocytes predominate in the bone marrow and lymph nodes
acute lymphoid leukemia
114
Tiny purple or red flat spots on the skin as a result of hemorrhages
petechiae
115
Causative agent in mononucleosis
Epstein-Barr virus
116
Large blue or purplish patches on the skin (bruises)
ecchymoses
117
Sideropenia is the cause of this condition
iron deficiency anemia
118
Any disease of the blood or bone marrow
dyscrasia
119
Disappearance of signs and symptoms of disease
remission
120
Relieving, but not curing disease
palliative
121
Disease symptoms and signs reappear
relapse
122
Malignant neoplasm of bone marrow
multiple myeloma
123
Increase in numbers of granulocytes associated with allergic conditions
eosinophilia
124
Microscopic examination of a stained blood smear to determine the shape of RBCs
Red blood cell morphology
125
Time required for blood to stop flowing from a tiny puncture wound
bleeding time
126
Determination of number of blood cells, hemoglobin and hematocrit, and other RBC values
complete blood count
127
Test for the presence of antibodies that coat and damage erythrocytes
antiglobulin test
128
Time required for venous blood to clot in a test tube
coagulation time
129
Total amount of hemoglobin in a sample of peripheral blood
hemoglobin test
130
Speed at which erythrocytes settle out of plasma
erythrocyte sedimentation rate
131
Number of erythrocytes per cubic millimeter or microliter of blood
red blood cell count
132
Number of thrombocytes per cubic millimeter or microliter of blood
platelet count
133
Percentage of erythrocytes in a volume of blood
hematocrit
134
apheresis
Separation of blood into component parts and removal of a select portion from the blood
135
blood transfusion
Whole blood or cells are taken from a donor and infused into a patient
136
bone marrow biopsy
Microscopic examination of a core of bone marrow removed with a needle
137
hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Peripheral stem cells from a donor are administered into a recipient
138
prothrombin time
Test of the ability of blood to clot
139
white blood cell count
Number of leukocytes per cubic millimeter of blood
140
white blood cell differential
Percentages of the different types of leukocytes in the blood
141
A, B, O
Four main blood types - A, B, AB, and O
142
baso
basophils
143
CBC
complete blood count
144
diff.
differential count (white blood cells)
145
EBV
Epstein-Barr virus
146
eos
eosinophils
147
ESR
erythrocyte sedimentation rate
148
Fe
iron
149
Hct
hematocrit
150
Hgb
hemoglobin
151
lymphs
lymphocytes
152
mono
monocytes
153
PT
prothrombin time
154
PTT
partial thromboplastin time
155
RBC
red blood cells; red blood cell count
156
sed rate
erythrocyte sedimentation rate
157
WBC
white blood cells; white blood cell count
158
Red blood cell
erythrocyte
159
White blood cell; phagocyte and precursor of a macrophage
monocyte
160
Thrombocyte
platelet
161
Bone marrow cell; gives rise to many types of blood cells
hematopoietic stem cell
162
Leukocyte formed in lymph tissue; produces antibodies
lymphocyte
163
Leukocyte with dense reddish granules; associated with allergic reactions
eosinophil
164
Leukocyte (poly) formed in bone marrow and having neutral-staining granules
neutrophil
165
Leukocyte whose granules have an affinity for basic stain; releases histamine and heparin
basophil
166
Liquid portion of blood
plasma
167
Hormone secreted by the kidney to stimulate erythrocyte production in bone marrow
erythropoietin
168
Proteins in plasma; can be separated into alpha, beta, and gamma types
globulin
169
Plasma protein that maintains the proper amount of water in blood
albumin
170
Proteins made by lymphocytes in response to antigens in the blood
immunoglobulins (antibodies)
171
leukocytopenia
Deficiency of white blood cells
172
myelopoiesis
Formation of bone marrow
173
anticoagulant
Substance that stops clotting
174
thrombolytic
Pertaining to destruction of clots
175
Irregularity in shape
poikilocytosis
176
Immature red cells
erythroblast
177
Reduction of hemoglobin
hypochromia
178
Increase in numbers of small cells
microcytosis
179
Erythremia
polycythemia vera
180
Increase in numbers of large cells
macrocytosis
181
Formation of red cells
erythropoiesis
182
Destruction of red cells
hemolysis
183
sickle cell anemia
Abnormally shaped red blood cells cause destruction of red blood cells (hereditary condition)
184
aplastic anemia
Blood cells are not formed or produced in the bone marrow
185
thalassemia
Inherited defect in ability to produce hemoglobin
186
Match the terms to it's definition. Terms: - relapse - remission - purpura - pancytopenia - palliative - eosinophilia - apheresis Definitions: a) Relieving, but not curing b) Deficiency of all blood cells c) Increase in numbers of granulocytes; seen in allergic conditions d) Symptoms of disease return e) Multiple pinpoint hemorrhages; blood accumulates under the skin f) Separation of blood into its components g) Symptoms of disease disappear
relapse: d) Symptoms of disease return remission: g) Symptoms of disease disappear purpura: e) Multiple pinpoint hemorrhages; blood accumulates under the skin pancytopenia: b) Deficiency of all blood cells palliative: a) Relieving, but not curing eosinophilia: c) Increase in numbers of granulocytes; seen in allergic conditions apheresis: f) Separation of blood into its components
187
A stained blood smear is examined to determine the shape of individual red blood cells
red blood cell morphology
188
Measures the percentage of red blood cells in a volume of blood
hematocrit
189
Determines the number of clotting cells per cubic millimeter
platelet count
190
Ability of venous blood to clot in a test tube
coagulation time
191
Measures the speed at which erythrocytes settle of out plasma
erythrocyte sedimentation rate
192
Determines the numbers of different types of WBCs
WBC differential
193
Determines the presence of antibodies in infants of Rh-negative women or patients with autoimmune hemolytic anemia
Coombs test
194
Undifferentiated blood cells from a donor are infused into a patient being treated for leukemia or aplastic anemia
hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
195
Time it takes for a small puncture wound to stop bleeding
bleeding time
196
Needle is introduced into the bone marrow cavity, and a small amount of marrow is aspirated and then examined under the microscope
bone marrow biopsy
197
Blood is collected from and later reinfused into the same patient
autologous transfusion