Chapter 14: Lymphatic and Immune Systems: Exercises Flashcards
Collection of stationary lymphatic tissue along lymph vessels
lymph node
Large lymphatic vessel that drains lymph from the lower and left side of the body
thoracic duct
Organ in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen that destroys worn-out erythrocytes, activates lymphocytes, and stores blood
spleen
Mass of lymphatic tissue in the nasopharynx
adenoids
Lymphoid organ in the mediastinum that conditions T cells to react to foreign cells in the immune response
thymus gland
Tiniest lymphatic vessels
lymph capillaries
Large lymphatic vessel in the chest that drains lymph from the upper right part of the body
right lymphatic duct
Fluid in the spaces between cells
interstitial fluid
Give the locations of the following lymph nodes:
- inguinal nodes
- axillary nodes
- cervical nodes
- mediastinal nodes
- paraaortic nodes
- mesenteric nodes
Inguinal nodes are located in the groin region.
Axillary nodes are located in the armpit region.
Cervical nodes are located in the neck (of the body) region.
Medistinal nodes are located in the mediastinum .
Paraaortic nodes are located near the aorta in the lumbar region of the body.
Mesenteric nodes are located in the intestinal region.
Lymphocyte that matures from a B lymphocyte and secretes antibodies
plasma cell
Large phagocyte found in lymph nodes and other tissues of the body
macrophage
CD4+ T cell that aids B cells in recognizing antigens
helper T cell
Treg that inhibits the activity of B and T lymphocytes
suppressor T cell
Proteins in the blood that help antibodies and T cells kill their target
complement system
Antigen-presenting cell; shows B cells and T cells what to attack
dendritic cell
Match the term to the description.
Term:
- immunoglobulins
- toxins
- helper T cells
- suppressor T cells
- cytotoxic T cells
- plasma cells
- interferons and interleukins
Description:
a) Antibodies: IgA, IgE, IgG, IgM, IgD
b) Lymphocytes that aids B cells; CD4+ T cell
c) Poisons (antigens)
d) T lymphocytes that inhibit the activity of B and T cells
e) Cytokines secreted by cytotoxic T cells
f) Transformed B cells that secrete antibodies
g) T lymphocytes that directly kill foreign cells (CD8+ T cells)
Immunoglobulins:
a) Antibodies: IgA, IgE, IgG, IgM, IgD
Toxins:
c) Poisons (antigens)
Helper T cells:
b) Lymphocytes that aids B cells; CD4+ T cell
Suppressor T cells:
d) T lymphocytes that inhibit the activity of B and T cells
Cytotoxic T cells:
g) T lymphocytes that directly kill foreign cells (CD8+ T cells)
Plasma cells:
f) Transformed B cells that secrete antibodies
Interferons and interleukins:
e) Cytokines secreted by cytotoxic T cells
Removal of the spleen
splenectomy
Enlargement of the spleen
splenomegaly
Formation of lymph
lymphopoiesis
Malignant tumor of the thymus gland
thymoma
Inflammation of lymph glands (nodes)
lymphadenitis
Deficiency of lymph cells
lymphocytopenia
Pertaining to poison
toxic
Disease of lymph glands (nodes)
lymphadenopathy
Syndrome marked by enlargement of the spleen and associated with anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia
hypersplenism
Extraordinary hypersensitivity to a foreign protein; marked by hypotension, shock, and respiratory distress
anaphylaxis
Antigen capable of causing allergy (hypersensitivity)
allergen
Disorder in which the immune system is suppressed by exposure to HIV
AIDS
Removal of a mediastinal organ
thymectomy
Malignant tumor of lymphoid tissue in the lymph nodes and spleen; Reed-Sternberg cells are in lymph nodes
Hodgkin lymphoma
Spleen, thymus, and tonsils
lymphoid organs
Swelling of tissues due to interstitial fluid accumulation
lymphedema
Malignant condition associated with AIDS (purplish skin nodules appear)
Kaposi sarcoma
Human immunodeficiency virus; the retrovirus that causes AIDS
HIV
White blood cells that are destroyed by the AIDS virus
CD4+ T cells
Group of infectious diseases associated with AIDS
opporunistic infections
Measures the amount of HIV in blood
viral load test
Weight loss with decreased muscular strength, appetite, and mental activity
wasting syndrome
Drug used to treat AIDS by blocking an enzyme needed to make copies of HIV
reverse transcriptase inhibitor
Drug used to treat AIDS by blocking the production of an enzyme that creates new viral pieces for HIV
protease inhibitor
Use of combination drugs to treat AIDS
HAART (highly active antriretroviral therapy)
Test to detect anti-HIV antibodies
ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay)
autoimmune diseases
Chronic, disabling diseases caused by abnormal production of antibodies to normal tissue
atopy
A hypersensitivity or allergic state with an inherited predisposition
non-Hodgkin lymphoma
A malignant tumor of lymph nodes; follicular and large cell are types of this disease
interstitial fluid
Fluid that lies between cells throughout the body
lymphopoiesis
Formation of lymphocytes or lymphoid tissue
lymphedema
Chronic swelling of a part of the body due to collection of fluid between tissues secondary to obstruction of lymph vessels and nodes
anaphylaxis
An unusual or exaggerated allergic reaction to a foreign protein
vaccination
Introduction of altered antigens to produce an immune response and protection from disease
immunoelectrophoresis
Test that separates immunoglobulins
monoclonal antibody
Antibody used in immunotherapy; produced in a laboratory to attack antigens and destroy cells
