7.7-7.8 Flashcards
A test that distinguished not only between fast and slow learners but also between children of different age groups as well. The key element to be tested was a child’s mental age.
BINET’S MENTAL ABILITY TEST
BINET’S MENTAL ABILITY TEST developed by
Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon
_____ refers to the average age at which children could successfully answer a particular level of questions.
Mental age
Lewis Terman adopted William Stern’s method for comparing mental age and chronological age (number of years since birth) for use with the translated and revised Binet test.
Stanford-Binet and IQ
refers to a number representing a measure of intelligence, resulting from the division of one’s mental age (MA) by one’s chronological age (CA) and then multiplying that quotient by 100.
Intelligence Quotient (IQ)
However, this method only works well for children, and IQ starts to become meaningless as the person’s chronological age passes ____
16 years
refers to a test that uses age-group comparison norms, and is often used by educators to make decisions about the placement of students into special educational programs both for those with disabilities and for those with exceptionalities.
Stanford-binet Intelligence Scales, 5th Edition (SB5)
Standford-Binet and IQ was proposed by
Lewis Terman (adopted William Stern’s method)
Designed by David Wechsler since he was dissatisfied with the fact that the Stanford-Binet test was designed for children but being administered to adults.
THE WECHSLER TESTS
THE WECHSLER TESTS designed by
David Wechsler
Three current versions of the test and are more frequently used than the SB5 are the following:
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-IV)
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-V)
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI-IV).
number of years since birth
chronological age
A test is considered ____ if it produces the same result for a person or group of people each time it is taken.
Reliable; Reliability
A test may be reliable yet _____. Its ____ is based on the degree to which the test measures what it is supposed to measure.
invalid; validity
the extent to which the score reflects the person’s intended skill in real-life situations.
Ecological validity -
refers to the process in which the test is given to a group or demographic of people representing the people the test is designed for.
Standardization
The other aspect considers the scores of the ____ to compare the individual test scores.
comparison group
This refers to the scores obtained from the standardization group which will serve as the standard against the succeeding test takers.
Norms
a probability distribution where the scores are frequent around the mean, having the highest frequency in the center and from there, decreases gradually towards the tails, forming a _________.
Normal Curve; bell-shaped curve on the graph
the average or common score
Mean
the measure of how much the data covers in relation to the mean. It is the average variation of scores from the mean.
Standard Deviation
the written test scores would show an average score among the participants which would be considered as the ______
average intelligence.
- assumes that the IQ is normally distributed with 100 as its mean and 15 as its typical SD.
Deviation IQ Scores
Each individual sees and understands the world through a different lens, making it hard to measure intelligence since we do not have the same perspectives and ideas.
Culture influences the results of a test.
_____ is the tendency of an IQ test to reflect and lean towards the culture of the IQ test designer.
Cultural bias
created by Adrian Dove to prove that culture and language affect one’s performance in intelligence tests
Dove Counterbalance General Intelligence Test -
Dove Counterbalance General Intelligence Test - was created by
Adrian Dove
Some have tried to create tests that are free of cultural bias yet some others think that it is impossible to do so. Hence, many try to create tests that are
“culturally fair”
a test that focuses on and consists of abstract reasoning items.
Raven’s Progressive Matrices
IQ tests help in predicting academic success and job performance.
Usefulness
IQ tests are also used in ____.
neuropsychology
Psychologists use the results to assess _____
neurobehavioral disorders.
Neuropsychologists use them for diagnosis, progress tracking, and monitoring since they handle people who have suffered ____
traumatic brain injuries (TBI).
____impacts one’s functioning and may cause difficulty in thinking, speech and sleep disturbances, memory problems, reduced attention span, headaches, mood swings, and personality changes.
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) -
_____ difficulty in brain function caused by a head injury and may cause a loss of consciousness, dizziness, headache, and nausea. (Additional information: Potential side effects are of interest to neuropsychologists since they do not manifest until years later)
Concussion (Mild TBI)
_____ continuous dysfunction in the brain due to numerous TBIs.
Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE)
