2.8-2.11

Question 1

the first large swelling at the top of the spinal cords, forminng the lowest part of the brain, which is responsible for life-sustaining functions such as breathing, swallowingm, and heart rate.

Answer 1

Medulla

Question 2

the larger swelling above the medulla that connects the top of the brain to the bottom and that plays a part in sleep, dreaming, left–right body coordination, and arousal.

Answer 2

Pons

Question 3

an area of neurons running through the middle of the medulla and the pons and slightly beyond that is responsible for selective attention.

Answer 3

Reticular formation (RF)

Question 4

part of the lower brain located behind the pons that controls and coordinates involuntary, rapid, fine motor movement.

Answer 4

Cerebellum

Question 5

a group of several brain structures located under the cortex and involved in learning, emotion, memory, and motivation.

Answer 5

Limbic system

Question 6

part of the limbic system located in the center of the brain, this structure relays sensory information from the lower part of the brain to the proper areas of the cortex and processes some sensory information before sending it to its proper area.

Answer 6

Thalamus

Question 7

two projections just under the front of the brain that receive information from the receptors in the nose located just below.

Answer 7

Olfactory bulbs

Question 8

small structure in the brain located below the thalamus and directly above the pituitary gland, responsible for motivational behavior such as sleep, hunger, thirst, and sex.

Answer 8

Hypothalamus

Question 9

curved structure located within each temporal lobe, responsible for the formation of long-term memories and the storage of memory for location of objects.

Answer 9

Hippocampus

Question 10

brain structure located near the hippocampus, responsible for fear responses and memory of fear.

Answer 10

Amygdala

Question 11

outermost covering of the brain consistinng of densely packed neurons, responsible for higher thought processes and interpretation of sensory input.

Answer 11

Cortex

Question 12

wrinkling of the cortex.

Answer 12

Corticalization

Question 13

the two sections of the cortex on the left and right sides of the brain.

Answer 13

Cerebral hemispheres

Question 14

thick band of neurons that connects the right and left cerebral hemispheres.

Answer 14

Corpus callosum

Question 15

section of the brain located at the rear and bottom of each cerebral hemisphere containing the visual centers of the brain.

Answer 15

Occipital lobe

Question 16

processes visual information from the eyes.

Answer 16

Primary visual cortex

Question 17

identifies and makes sense of visual information.

Answer 17

Visual association cortex

Question 18

Sections of the brain located at the top and back of each cerebral hemisphere containing the centers for touch, taste, and temperature sensations.

Answer 18

Parietal lobes

Question 19

area of neurons running down the front of the parietal lobes responsible for processing information from the skin and internal body receptors for touch, temperature, body position, and possibly taste.

Answer 19

Somatosensory cortex

Question 20

areas of the cortex located just behind the temples containing the neurons responsible for the sense of hearing and meaningful speech.

Answer 20

Temporal lobes

Question 21

processes auditory information from the ears.

Answer 21

Primary auditory cortex

Question 22

identifies and makes sense of auditory information.

Answer 22

Auditory association cortex

Question 23

areas of the cortex located in the front and top of the brain, responsible for higher mental processes and decision making as well as the production of fluent speech.

Answer 23

Frontal lobes

Question 24

section of the frontal lobe located at the back, responsible for sending motor commands to the muscles of the somatic nervous system.

Answer 24

Motor cortex

Question 25

areas within each lobe of the cortex responsible for the coordination and interpretation of information, as well as higher mental processing.

Answer 25

Association areas

Question 26

condition resulting from damage to Broca’s area (usually in left frontal lobe), causing the affected person to be unable to speak fluently, to mispronounce words, and to speak haltingly.

Answer 26

Broca’s aphasia

Question 27

condition resulting from damage to Wernicke’s area (usually in left temporal lobe), causing the affected person to be unable to understand or produce meaningful language.

Answer 27

Wernicke’s aphasia

Question 28

condition produced by damage to the association areas of the right hemisphere resulting in an inability to recognize objects or body parts in the left visual field.

Answer 28

Spatial neglect

Question 29

the upper part of the brain consisting of the two hemispheres and the structures that connect them.

Answer 29

Cerebrum

Question 30

seems to control language, writing, logical thought, analysis, and mathematical abilities, processes information sequentially, can speak.

Answer 30

Left side of the brain

Question 31

controls emotional expression, spatial perception, recognition of faces, patterns, melodies, and emotions, processes information globally, cannot speak.

Answer 31

Right side of the brain