6.1-6.3 Flashcards
an active system that acquires information from different senses, turns the information into a usable form, puts it in order as it is stored away, and then retrieves the information from storage.
Memory
Acquiring sensory information (sight, sound, etc.) into a form that the brain can use.
Encoding
Holding on to the information for some period of time (which may differ in length)
Storage
Getting the information they know they have out of storage.
Retrieval
most influential over the last several decades
focuses on the way information is handled, or processed, through three different systems of memory: encoding, storage, and retrieval.
Information-processing model
sees memory as a simultaneous process, with the creation and storage of memories taking place across a series of mental networks “stretched” across the brain
Memory processes are proposed to take place at the same time
Parallel distributed processing (PDP) model.
Assumes that information that is more “thoroughly processed,” according to its meaning rather than just the sound or physical characteristics of the item, will be remembered more efficiently and for a longer period of time.
Levels-of-processing model
the first system in the process of memory, the point at which information enters the nervous system through the sensory systems—eyes, ears, etc.
Sensory memory
There are two kinds of sensory memory:
Iconic (Visual) Sensory Systems
Echoic (Auditory) Sensory Systems
When a person looks at something or someone and looks back again because of a memory or thought.
Double Take
It is a visual sensory memory, lasting only a fraction of a second.
Iconic (Visual) Sensory System
In Greek, Icon means
Image
a process where information that has just entered iconic memory will be pushed out very quickly by new information (Cowan, 1988).
Masking
the ability to access a visual memory for 30 seconds or more.
Eidetic Imagery
people who have extremely good memory have photographic memory.
Photographic Memory
