6.4-6.5

Question 1

is the ability to focus on only one stimulus from among all sensory inputs (Broadbent, 1958). It is through selective attention that information enters our STM system.

Answer 1

Selective Attention

Question 2

Dr. Donald E. Broadent believed that there is a kind of “bottleneck” that occurs between the process of sensory memory and short-term memory.

Answer 2

Original Filter Theory

Question 3

A phenomenon wherein a person still notices when someone says their name regardless of the noise in the background.

Answer 3

Cocktail-Party Effect

Question 4

The memory system in which information is held for brief periods of time while being used.

Answer 4

Short-Term Memory (STM)

Question 5

Duration of STM

Answer 5

12 to 30 seconds without rehearsal

Question 6

It is the storage and manipulation of information.
It is an active system that processes information present within short-term memory.

Answer 6

Working Memory

Question 7

Working Memory consists of three interrelated systems:

Answer 7

Central Executive - “CEO” or “Big Boss” that controls and coordinates the other two systems. It is the interpreter for both visual and auditory information
Visuospatial - “sketchpad”
Phonological Loop - “recorder”

Question 8

“CEO” or “Big Boss” that controls and coordinates the other two systems. It is the interpreter for both visual and auditory information

Answer 8

Central Executive

Question 9

sketchpad

Answer 9

Visuospatial

Question 10

recorder

Answer 10

Phonological Loop

Question 11

A memory test in which a series of numbers is read to participants in the study who are taken then asked to recall the numbers in order.

Answer 11

Digit-Span Test by George Miller

Question 12

Miller called this the

Answer 12

magical number seven.

Question 13

A way to “fool” the SMT into holding more information.
It is a process of dividing, recoding, or reorganizing a certain information into groups.

Answer 13

Chunking

Question 14

A practice of saying some information to be remembered over and over in one’s head in order to maintain it in short-term memory.

Answer 14

Maintenance Rehearsal

Question 15

The system into which all the information is placed to be kept or less permanently.

Answer 15

Long-Term Memory

Question 16

There is a relatively permanent_____ in the brain itself when a memory is formed.

Answer 16

physical change

Question 17

Rote is like

Answer 17

rotating

Question 18

It is the process of saying information in your head over and over again.

Answer 18

Rote Learning

Question 19

The best way to encode information into LMT in an organized fashion.

Answer 19

Elaborative Rehearsal

Question 20

It is a way of increasing the number of retrieval cues

Answer 20

Elaborative Rehearsal

Question 21

stimuli that aid in remembering

Answer 21

retrieval cues

Question 22

It is a deeper kind of processing than maintenance rehearsal and so leads to better long-term storage.

Answer 22

Elaborative Rehearsal

Question 23

a type of long-term memory including memory for skills, procedures, habits, and conditioned responses. These memories are not conscious but are implied to exist because they affect conscious behavior.

Answer 23

Nondeclarative (Implicit) LTM -

Question 24

loss of memory from the point of injury or trauma forward, or the inability to form new long-term memories.

Answer 24

Anterograde Amnesia

Question 25

a type of long-term memory containing information that is conscious and known.

Answer 25

Declarative (Explicit) LTM

Question 26

There are two types of declarative LTM:

Answer 26

Semantic and Episodic LTM

Question 27

a type of declarative memory containing general knowledge, such as knowledge of language and information learned in formal education.

Answer 27

Semantic Memory

Question 28

a type of declarative memory containing personal information not readily available to others, such as daily activities and events.

Answer 28

Episodic Memory

Question 29

A model of memory organization that assumes information is stored in the brain in a connected fashion, with concepts that are related stored physically closer to each other than concepts that are not highly related.

Answer 29

Semantic Network Model