7.2.1 - Respiration: An Overview

Question 1

Describe Aerobic Respiration
(4 Points)

Answer 1

~ Process of breaking down a respiratory substrate (Glucose), in order to produce ATP using oxygen.

~ Energy released during the process is used to phosphorylate ADP to form ATP.

~ ATP then provides energy for other biological processes in cells.

~ Glucose is the main fuel, but other molecules can be broken down to be respired.

Question 2

What Is The Equation For Aerobic Respiration?
(2 Points)

Answer 2

~ Glucose + Oxygen -> Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy.

~ C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H20 + Energy.

Question 3

What Are The 4 Stages Of Aerobic Respiration & Where Do They Occur?
(4 Points)

Answer 3

~ Glycolysis -> Cytoplasm.

~ Link reaction -> Mitochondria.

~ Krebs cycle -> Mitochondria.

~ Oxidative phosphorylation -> Mitochondria.

Question 4

Describe The Use Of Enzymes Involved During Respiration
(2 Points)

Answer 4

~ Controls each stage of respiration.

~ Enzyme that catalyses these reactions the slowest,
determines the overall rate of aerobic respiration.

Question 5

Describe The Use Of Coenzymes Involved During Respiration
(3 Points)

Answer 5

~ Transfer various molecules involved in respiration.

~ NAD and FAD, transfer hydrogen between molecules and are able to reduce and oxidise a molecule.

~ Coenzyme A, responsible for transfer of acetate from one molecule to another.

Question 6

Describe The Structure Of The Mitochondria
(4 Points)

Answer 6

~ Smooth and permeable outer membrane.

~ Inner membrane.

~ Intermembrane space.

~ Matrix.

Question 7

Describe The Function Of The ‘Inner Membrane’ Of The Mitochondria
(4 Points)

Answer 7

~ Cristae.

~ Less permeable.

~ Site of the ETC.

~ Location of ATP synthase enzymes.

Question 8

Describe The Function Of The ‘Intermembrane Space’ Of The Mitochondria
(2 Points)

Answer 8

~ Low pH due to higher concentration of protons.

~ Concentration gradient is formed during oxidative phosphorylation and essential for ATP synthesis.

Question 9

Describe The Function Of The ‘Matrix’ Of The Mitochondria

Answer 9

Contains ribosomes and enzymes essential for the mitochondria to function.