1.2.4 - Energy Budgets & Diet

Question 1

What Is Meant By The Term ‘Energy Budget’?

Answer 1

Amount of energy taken in by an organism (In food) and the amount of energy used up by the organism during life processes.

Question 1

Why Do Organisms Need A Supply Of Energy?
(2 Points)

Answer 1

~ So that they can grow, move and reproduce.

~ The food contains the stored energy in the form of biological molecules such as carbohydrates and lipids.

Question 2

Should Energy Budgets Be Balanced?

Answer 2

Yes, a person should take in the same amount of energy as they use up.

Question 3

What Happens If The Energy Budget Is Imbalanced?
(2 Points)

Answer 3

~ Weight gain.

~ Weight loss.

Question 4

Describe ‘Weight Gain’ As A Consequence Of An Energy Imbalance
(2 Points)

Answer 4

~ If energy intake > energy output, the excess energy will be turned into fat reserves by the body, person will then gain weight.

~ If the energy output < intake over a sustained period of time, the individual may become overweight or eventually obese.

Question 5

Describe ‘Weight Loss’ As A Consequence Of An Energy Imbalance
(2 Points)

Answer 5

~ If energy intake < energy output, the body will need to take energy from elsewhere, fat reserves will then be converted into energy and the person will lose weight.

~ If energy intake < energy output over a sustained period of time, the individual may become underweight.

Question 6

When Analysing Data On Energy Budgets & Diet, What Might The Data Be Given In?
(2 Points)

Answer 6

~ Calories, kilocalories or kilojoules.

~ Calorie (Cal) is the same as kilocalorie (Kcal).

Question 7

How Many Calories Does The Average Adult Need?
(2 Points)

Answer 7

~ Men -> Intake of 2500.

~ Woman -> Intake of 2000.

Question 8

How Can An Energy Budget Be Calculated?

Answer 8

Energy Input - Energy Output = Energy Budget