5.2.3 - Chloroplasts : Structure & Function Flashcards
Where Does Photosynthesis Occur?
Chloroplasts.
What Is Each Chloroplast Surrounded By & What Is It Known As?
Double membrane known as the chloroplast envelope.
What Is The Cytoplasm Like Fluid In Chloroplasts Known As?
Stroma.
What Does The Stroma Contain?
(4 Points)
~ Enzymes.
~ Sugars.
~ Ribosomes.
~ Chloroplast DNA.
If The Chloroplast Has Been Photosynthesising, What May There Be In The Stroma?
Starch grains or lipid droplets.
What Are Thylakoids & What Are They Surrounded By?
(2 Points)
~ They are a series of flattened fluid-filled sacs.
~ They are each surrounded by a thylakoid membrane.
What Are Stacks Of Thylakoid Called?
Grana.
What Are The Grana Connected By?
Lamella.
What Does The Lamella Ensure?
The grana are connected but distanced from each other.
What Is The Function Of The Chloroplast Envelope?
Keeps all components needed for photosynthesis close to each other.
What Is The Function Of The Stroma?
Contains enzymes that catalyses the reactions of photosynthesis.
What Is The Function Of The Chloroplast DNA?
Contains genes that code for the proteins used in photosynthesis.
What Is The Function Of The Ribosomes?
Enables the translation of proteins coded by the chloroplast DNA.
What Is The Function Of The Thylakoid Membrane?
(6 Points)
~ Site of light-dependent reactions.
~ Contains photosystems I and II.
~ Hosts the electron transport chain.
~ Creates a proton gradient for ATP synthesis.
~ Houses ATP synthase for ATP production.
~ Produces NADPH for the Calvin cycle.
What Is The Function Of The Grana?
(2 Points)
~ Creates a large surface area, maximising the number of photosystems and allowing maximum light absorption.
~ Provides more membrane area for proteins such as electron carriers and ATP synthase enzymes, enabling the production of ATP.
