6.2.10 - Antibiotic Types

Question 1

What Are Antibiotics?
(3 Points)

Answer 1

~ Chemicals that damage bacterial cells, with no harm to human tissues.

~ Used to treat bacterial infections.

~ E.g. Penicillin.

Question 2

What Are The 2 Types Of Antibiotics?

Answer 2

~ Bacteriostatic.

~ Bactericidal.

Question 3

Describe ‘Bacteriostatic’ Antibiotics
(2 Points)

Answer 3

~ Inhibit bacterial growth processes.

~ If given in a high dose, it will kill the bacterial cells.

Question 4

Describe ‘Bactericidal’ Antibiotics

Answer 4

Kill bacterial cells.

Question 5

Describe The Different Ways In Which Antibiotics Work
(4 Points)

Answer 5

~ Work by interfering with the growth or metabolism of the target bacterium.

~ Inhibit bacterial enzymes need to form bonds in the cell walls, preventing growth, leading to cell death.

~ Binding to ribosomes, preventing protein synthesis, and production of enzymes.

~ Damaging cell membranes, leading to uncontrolled entry of water.

Question 6

When An Individual Takes An Antibiotic, Why Doesn’t It Affect Their Own Cells?
(4 Points)

Answer 6

~ Bacterial cells are different from mammalian cells, as mammalian cells are eukaryotic.

~ They don’t have cell walls.

~ Have different enzymes.

~ Have larger ribosomes.

Question 7

Why Aren’t Viruses Affected By Antibiotics?

Answer 7

They don’t have cellular structures.