2.3.2 - Translation

Question 1

Where Does Translation Occur?

Answer 1

Cytoplasm.

Question 2

What Occurs During Translation?

Answer 2

Amino acids join together to form a polypeptide chain.

Question 3

Describe The Process Of Translation
(10 Points)

Answer 3

~ After exiting the nucleus through a nuclear pore, the mRNA attaches to a ribosome.

~ Free tRNA molecules, which are single-stranded and clover-shaped, are present in the cytoplasm.

~ Each tRNA has an anticodon at one end and an amino acid attachment site at the other.

~ tRNA molecules bind to their specific amino acids in the cytoplasm and transport them to the ribosome.

~ The anticodon of each tRNA pairs with a complementary codon on the mRNA.

~ Translation begins at the start codon (AUG) on the mRNA.

~ Two tRNA molecules fit onto the ribosome simultaneously, aligning their amino acids side by side.

~ A peptide bond forms between the amino acids through a condensation reaction.

~ This process repeats until a stop codon on the mRNA is reached, signalling the end of translation.

~ The resulting amino acid chain then folds into the final polypeptide.

Question 4

What Is An Anticodon?

Answer 4

A triplet of unpaired bases.