2.2.2 - DNA: Structure Flashcards
What Does DNA Stand For?
Deoxyribonucleic acid.
What Is The Function Of DNA?
Stores genetic information.
What Is DNA?
Polynucleotide.
Describe The Structure Of A DNA Mononucleotide
(3 Points)
~ Pentose sugar is deoxyribose.
~ Each DNA mononucleotide has the same sugar and phosphate group.
~ A -> T, C -> G.
What Are DNA Molecules Made Up Of?
(2 Points)
~ 2 Polynucleotide strands lying side by side, running in opposite directions
~ The strands are said to be antiparallel.
Describe How The Sugar-Phosphate Backbone Is Formed
(4 Points)
~ Made of alternating deoxyribose sugars and phosphate groups → forms sugar-phosphate backbone.
~ Joined by phosphodiester bonds.
~ Each strand has a 3’ end and a 5’ end.
~ DNA strands are antiparallel, one runs 5’ to 3’, the other 3’ to 5’.
Describe How The 2 DNA Polynucleotides Chains Form A Double Helix
(4 Points)
~ 2 DNA polynucleotide strands join together by hydrogen bonding between the bases.
~ 2 hydrogen bonds are between A -> T.
~ 3 hydrogen bonds are between C -> G.
~ 2 antiparallel polynucleotides strands twist to form the double helix.