2.2.2 - DNA: Structure Flashcards

1
Q

What Does DNA Stand For?

A

Deoxyribonucleic acid.

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2
Q

What Is The Function Of DNA?

A

Stores genetic information.

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3
Q

What Is DNA?

A

Polynucleotide.

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4
Q

Describe The Structure Of A DNA Mononucleotide
(3 Points)

A

~ Pentose sugar is deoxyribose.

~ Each DNA mononucleotide has the same sugar and phosphate group.

~ A -> T, C -> G.

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5
Q

What Are DNA Molecules Made Up Of?
(2 Points)

A

~ 2 Polynucleotide strands lying side by side, running in opposite directions

~ The strands are said to be antiparallel.

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6
Q

Describe How The Sugar-Phosphate Backbone Is Formed
(4 Points)

A

~ Made of alternating deoxyribose sugars and phosphate groups → forms sugar-phosphate backbone.

~ Joined by phosphodiester bonds.

~ Each strand has a 3’ end and a 5’ end.

~ DNA strands are antiparallel, one runs 5’ to 3’, the other 3’ to 5’.

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7
Q

Describe How The 2 DNA Polynucleotides Chains Form A Double Helix
(4 Points)

A

~ 2 DNA polynucleotide strands join together by hydrogen bonding between the bases.

~ 2 hydrogen bonds are between A -> T.

~ 3 hydrogen bonds are between C -> G.

~ 2 antiparallel polynucleotides strands twist to form the double helix.

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