6.2.11 - Limiting Antibiotic Resistance Flashcards
What Are Hospital Acquired Infections (HAIs)?
(3 Points)
~ Infections which are contracted by a patient, while in hospital.
~ Transmitted by poor hygiene.
~ Patients in hospital are more likely to contract diseases, as they may have weakened immune systems.
Describe Forms Of ‘Poor Hygiene’ That Leads To The Transmission Of HAIs
(3 Points)
~ Staff and visitors not washing their hands regularly.
~ Uncontained coughs or sneezes.
~ Failing to disinfect equipment and surfaces after use.
What Are Measures Hospitals Have Put In Place, That Aim To Reduce The Spread Of HAIs?
(3 Points)
~ Regular washing of hands.
~ People with HAIs should be moved to an isolation ward, to prevent the spread.
~ Surfaces and equipment must be disinfected.
What Are Some HAIs Caused By?
Antibiotic resistant bacteria.
What Is The Problem With Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria?
(2 Points)
~ Difficult to treat, due to them being resistant to bacteria.
~ These HAIs can cause serious health complication or death.
What Are Some Codes Of Practise That Have Been Developed To Reduce The Spread Of HAIs Caused By Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria?
(5 Points)
~ No antibiotic prescriptions for minor infections or viral infections.
~ No use of antibiotic prescriptions to prevent infections.
~ Prescription of narrow-spectrum antibiotic to treat infections.
~ Rotate the use of antibiotics.
~ Finish full course of antibiotics.
What Are Narrow-Spectrum Antibiotics?
Given against a narrow range of bacterial infections, which have been identified by the doctor.
How Does Antibiotic Resistance Arise In Bacteria?
By natural selection.
Describe The Process By Which Bacteria Become Resistant To Antibiotics
(4 Points)
~ Random mutation occurs.
~ When antibiotic is given, the non-resistant individuals die.
~ The resistant individual survive, reproduce via binary fission passing on the allele.
~ Antibiotic resistance allele becomes more frequent in the population.
