This class was created by Brainscape user Lucas Maniglia Brigagao Perry. Visit their profile to learn more about the creator.
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Decks in this class (149)
1.1.1 - The Need For A Circulatory System
What do the cells of all living o...,
How do single celled organisms ga...,
How do larger multicellular organ...
5
cards
1.1.2 - The Importance Of Water In Transport
Describe water 3 points 1,
Describe the structure of water 2,
What is a polar molecule what is ...
7
cards
1.1.3 - Mammalian Heart: Structure & Function
What is the role of the circulato...,
Describe the closed circulatory s...,
Describe the open circulatory sys...
29
cards
1.1.4 - Blood Vessels: Structure & Function
What are the 3 main types of bloo...,
What is the job of the arteries 2,
What is the job of the arterioles 3
11
cards
1.1.5 - Cardiac Cycle
What is the cardiac cycle 1,
During contraction of the heart w...,
During relaxation of the heart wh...
16
cards
1.1.7 - Atherosclerosis
What is atherosclerosis 1,
What type of disease is atheroscl...,
In a healthy artery describe the ...
5
cards
1.1.8 - Blood Clotting
What does blood clotting do to he...,
Blood clots reduce blood flow whi...,
The blood clot that forms can com...
14
cards
1.2.1 - Risk Of Cardiovascular Disease
What is cvd 1,
What are the lifestyle factors li...,
Describe diet as a lifestyle fact...
12
cards
1.2.2 - Interpreting Data On Risk Factors
0
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1.2.3 - Treatment of CVD
What are the types of treatment f...,
Describe the role of antihyperten...,
What drugs do antihypertensives i...
14
cards
1.2.4 - Energy Budgets & Diet
What is meant by the term energy ...,
Why do organisms need a supply of...,
Should energy budgets be balanced 2
9
cards
1.2.5 - Monosaccharides
Describe carbohydrates 1,
What are the 3 types of carbohydr...,
Describe monosaccharides 3
13
cards
1.2.6 - The Glycosidic Bond
How are monosaccharides made more...,
How are disaccharides polysacchar...,
What are the 2 types of glycosidi...
7
cards
1.2.7 - Disaccharides
How is a disaccharide formed 1,
Describe the function of disaccha...,
What are examples of disaccharides 3
6
cards
1.2.8 - Polysaccharides
What are polysaccharides 1,
What can polysaccharides be 2,
What are examples of polysacchari...
15
cards
1.2.9 - Lipids & Ester Bonds
Describe lipids 4 points 1,
Describe triglycerides 2,
Describe fatty acids 3
11
cards
1.2.10 - Reducing Risk Factors Of CVD
Describe cholesterol 3 points 1,
Describe lipoproteins 2,
What are the 2 types of lipoprote...
14
cards
2.1.1 - Properties Of Gas Exchange Surfaces
What do all living organisms do 1,
What are properties of gas exchan...,
Describe sa v ratio as a property...
8
cards
2.1.2 - Ficks Law Of Diffusion
What is ficks law of diffusion us...,
What does ficks law of diffusion ...,
What is the formula for ficks law...
5
cards
2.1.3 - The Mammalian Lung
Describe the role of the lungs 1,
What is the pathway to the lungs ...,
Describe the trachea 3 points 3
6
cards
2.1.4 - Cell Membranes
Describe cell membranes 1,
What are cell membranes composed ...,
What does a phospholipid consist ...
13
cards
2.1.6 - Diffusion & Facilitated Diffusion
Describe diffusion 3 points 1,
Describe simple diffusion 2,
What are factors affecting the ra...
8
cards
2.1.7 - Active Transport
What is active transport at 1,
What type of transport protein do...,
Describe the role of carrier prot...
6
cards
2.1.8 - Osmosis
What is osmosis 2 points 1
1
cards
2.2.1 - Nucleotides & Phosphodiester Bonds
What are rna dna types of 1,
What is the structure of mononucl...,
Describe a dna nucleotide 3
8
cards
2.2.2 - DNA: Structure
What does dna stand for 1,
What is the function of dna 2,
What is dna 3
7
cards
2.2.3 - RNA: Structure
What is the function of rna 1,
What does rna stand for 2,
Describe the rna mononucleotide 3
4
cards
2.3.1 - Transcription
What is a gene 1,
What is transcription 2,
Describe mrna 3 points 3
7
cards
2.3.2 - Translation
What is translation 1,
Describe trna 3 points 1,
Where does translation take place 2
4
cards
2.3.3 - Nature Of The Genetic Code
What is the genetic code 1,
What are features of the genetic ...,
Describe the triplet code of the ...
6
cards
2.3.4 - Amino Acids & Peptide Bonds
Describe proteins 2 points 1,
Describe amino acids 2 points 2,
Describe amino acids structure 3
6
cards
2.3.5 - Levels Of Protein Structure
Describe the primary structure of...,
Describe the secondary structure ...,
Describe alpha helix in the secon...
10
cards
2.3.6 - Globular Proteins: Structure & Function
Describe the structure of globula...,
Why are globular proteins round w...,
Describe the function of globular...
6
cards
2.3.7 - Fibrous Proteins: Structure & Function
Describe the structure of fibrous...,
Describe the function of fibrous ...,
What are examples of fibrous prot...
5
cards
2.3.8 - The Role Of Enzymes
Describe enzymes 6 points 1,
What is meant by activation energy 2,
Describe enzymes association with...
4
cards
2.3.9 - Mode Of Enzyme Action
Describe enzymes mode of action 1,
Describe enzymes specificity 2,
Describe the lock key models of e...
4
cards
2.4.1 - DNA Replication
What is the importance of dna rep...,
How does dna replicate 2,
What is the importance of retaini...
8
cards
2.4.2 - Mutations
What is a gene mutation 1,
What a mutations caused by 2,
What are types of errors that occ...
17
cards
2.4.3 - Inheritance: Key Terms
What is meant by gene 1,
What is meant by allele 2,
What is meant by genotype 3
10
cards
2.4.4 - Pedigree Diagrams
What can pedigree diagrams be use...,
What do pedigree diagrams provide...,
Interpret this pedigree diagram 3
3
cards
2.4.6 - Chi-Squared Test
0
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2.4.7 - Genetic Screening
What is genetic screening 1,
What are the 3 main uses of genet...,
Describe identification of carrie...
10
cards
2.4.5 - Monohybrid Crosses
What is monohybrid inheritance 1,
What do genetic diagrams usually ...
2
cards
3.1.1 - Cell Theory
What ideas does the cell theory i...,
What are the common features all ...,
What are the different combinatio...
3
cards
3.1.2 - Eukaryotic Cells
Describe eukaryotic cells 1,
What organelles do eukaryotic cel...,
Describe the structure of the nuc...
19
cards
3.1.3 - Prokaryotic Cells
Describe prokaryotic cells 1,
What organelles do prokaryotic ce...,
Describe the cytoplasm of prokary...
11
cards
3.1.4 - Organisation Of Cells
How are cells organised 1,
What is a tissue 2,
What are organs 3
5
cards
3.1.5 - Microscopy
0
cards
3.1.6 - Magnification Calculations
0
cards
3.1.7 - Recognising Organelles
0
cards
3.2.1 - The Cell Cycle
What is the cell cycle 1,
What are the 3 phases of the cell...,
What does the length of the cell ...
10
cards
3.2.2 - Mitosis
Describe mitosis 3 points 1,
What is mitosis needed for 2,
What are the 4 stages of mitosis 3
7
cards
3.3.1 - Mammalian Gametes
What are gametes 2 points 1,
How is a zygote formed 2,
How are gametes formed 3
8
cards
3.3.2 - Fertilisation In Mammals
What is fertilisation 1,
Describe the process that occurs ...,
Describe the process of fertilisa...
6
cards
3.3.3 - Genes & Linkage
What does a chromosome consist of 1,
What is the locus plural loci 2,
What is a gene 3
6
cards
3.3.4 - Meiosis: Source Of Genetic Variation
What meiosis 3 points 1,
What are the 2 rounds of meiosis 2,
Describe meiosis one 4 points 3
8
cards
3.4.1 - Stem Cells
Describe stem cells 4 points 1,
What process forms specialised ce...,
What is meant by potency 3
8
cards
3.4.2 - Stem Cells In Medicine
Describe stem cells in medicine 1,
What are the 2 potential sources ...,
Describe embryonic stem cells 3
5
cards
3.4.3 - Cell Differentiation
How can stem cells become special...,
Describe the steps of differentia...,
What controls gene expression 3
16
cards
3.4.4 - Epigenetics
What is epigenetics 4 points 1,
Describe nuclear dna in eukaryoti...,
How can chromatin be chemically m...
10
cards
3.4.5 - Phenotypes & Variation
0
cards
4.1.1 - The Variety Of Life
What is biodiversity 1,
What does biodiversity include 2,
What does biodiversity look at 3
20
cards
4.1.2 - Measuring Biodiversity Within A Habitat
What is meant by habitat 1,
What is meant by community 2,
What is meant by distribution 3
35
cards
4.1.3 - Comparing Biodiversity Between Habitats
What can be used to measure speci...,
What does the index of diversity ...,
What is the formula for the index...
6
cards
4.1.4 - Ecological Niches & Adaptations
What is meant by niche 1,
What does niche include 2,
Does every species have their own...
11
cards
4.1.5 - Natural Selection
What is variation 1,
What are the 2 types of variation 2,
What is interspecific variation 3
18
cards
4.1.6 - Hardy-Weinburg Equation
What does the hardy weinberg prin...,
What is meant by population 2,
What are the conditions required ...
6
cards
4.1.7 - Reproductive Isolation
What is meant be species 1,
What happens during reproductive ...,
What are examples of allele or ph...
13
cards
4.1.8 - Classification
What is taxonomy 2 points 1,
What does the phylogenetic classi...,
What are the different ranks or l...
46
cards
4.1.9 - Conservation Of Biodiversity
When species go extinct what does...,
What is conservation 2,
Ideally where should a species be...
14
cards
4.2.1 - Plant Cell Structure
What organelles do plant cells ha...,
Describe the cell wall of plant c...,
Describe the function of the cell...
15
cards
4.2.2 - Plant Stems
Describe the structure of xylem v...,
Describe the function of xylem ve...,
Describe the structure of scleren...
8
cards
4.2.3 - Importance Of Water & Inorganic Ions To Plants
Describe the importance of water ...,
Describe the importance of water 2,
Describe the importance of magnes...
5
cards
4.2.4 - Starch & Cellulose: Structure & Function
Describe the structure of cellulo...,
Describe the function of cellulose 2
2
cards
4.2.5 - Plant Fibres
Describe plant fibres 1,
How are these plant fibres strong 2,
Describe secondary thickening of ...
3
cards
4.2.8 - Development Of Drug Testing
Why do new drugs need to be teste...,
Describe william witherings digit...,
Describe the modern methods of dr...
9
cards
4.2.9 - Antimicrobial Properties Of Plants
Describe the conditions bacteria ...
1
cards
4.2.10 - Sustainability & Plant Materials
Describe sustainability 1,
What is meant by sustainable prac...,
Describe plant fibres sustainabil...
4
cards
5.1.1 - Ecosystems : Key Terms
What is meant by ecosystem 1,
What is meant by habitat 2,
What is meant by species 3
7
cards
5.1.2 - Biotic & Abiotic Factors
What are abiotic factors 1,
What are examples of abiotic fact...,
What varies due to abiotic factors 3
10
cards
5.1.3 - Niches, Distribution & Abundance
What is meant by niche 1,
What does the role of a species i...,
Describe why no 2 species can fil...
5
cards
5.1.5 - Stages Of Succession
What is succession 2 points 1,
What changes during succession 2,
What is primary succession 3
9
cards
5.1.6 - Net Primary Productivity
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1
cards
5.1.7 - Calculating The Efficiency Of Biomass & Energy Transfers
0
cards
5.2.1 - Photosynthesis
What is photosynthesis 1,
Describe the process of photosynt...,
What is the equation for photosyn...
4
cards
5.2.2 - ATP As A Supply Of Energy
What do plants need energy for 1,
What do animals need energy for 2,
Describe atp 2 points 3
4
cards
5.2.3 - Chloroplasts : Structure & Function
Describe the structure of the chl...,
Describe the structure function o...,
Describe the structure function o...
4
cards
5.2.4 - Light-dependant Reactions
Describe the ldr 4 points 1,
Describe photolysis 3 points 2,
What does the photolysis of one w...
9
cards
5.2.5 - Light-independent reactions
Describe the lir calvin cycle 1,
What does the lir calvin cycle ma...,
Describe the process of lir calvi...
4
cards
5.2.6 - Products Of Photosynthesis
During the calvin cycle what does...,
During the calvin cycle what does...
2
cards
5.3.1 - Intro To Climate Change
What is climate change 1,
What is global warming 2
2
cards
5.3.2 - Evidence For The Causes Of Climate Change
What types of things can be used ...,
What have caused atmospheric carb...,
How do scientists know that atmos...
11
cards
5.3.3 - The Greenhouse Effect
What happens when radiation from ...,
What is a greenhouse gas 2,
What are 2 greenhouse gases 3
9
cards
5.3.4 - Models Of Future Climate Change
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cards
5.3.5 - The Effects Of Climate Change
0
cards
5.3.6 - Temperature & Enzyme Activity
0
cards
5.3.8 - Climate Change & The Scientific Community
0
cards
5.3.9 - Carbon Dioxide & Reduction Of Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide
0
cards
5.3.10 - Reducing Climate Change
0
cards
5.4.1 - Evolution By Natural Selection
0
cards
5.4.2 - Speciation
0
cards
5.4.3 - Evidence Of Evolution & The Scientific Community
0
cards
6.1.1 - Determining The Time Of Death
What do microorganisms decompose 1,
What happens when plants animals ...,
What happens when the microorgani...
30
cards
6.1.2 - Micro-Organisms : Decomposition & Nutrient Recycling
Blank 1
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cards
6.1.3 - DNA Profiling
0
cards
6.2.1 - Structure Of Bacteria & Viruses
What are bacteria 1,
What features do bacterial cells ...,
What are viruses 2 points 3
38
cards
6.2.2 - Entry Routes Of Pathogens
How do pathogens cause disease 1,
How can pathogens enter the body 1,
What are all the barriers that pr...
7
cards
6.2.3 - Non-Specific Immune Responses
What triggers an immune response 1,
What are antigens 2 points 2,
What are the 2 types of immune re...
17
cards
6.2.4 - Antigen & Antibodies
What are antigens 2 points 1,
What are the 2 forms antigens can...,
What are self antigens 3
16
cards
6.2.5 - T Cell Response
What are t cells where are they p...,
What can antigen presenting cells...,
What is the surface of a t cell c...
8
cards
6.2.6 - B Cell Response
What are b cells where are they p...,
What is the cell surface of b cel...,
Describe the b cell response 3
4
cards
6.2.7 - Post Transcriptional Modification
0
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6.2.8 - Types Of Immunity
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cards
6.2.9 - Evolutionary Race Between Pathogens & Hosts
0
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6.2.10 - Antibiotic Types
What are antibiotics how do they ...,
What can antibiotics be 2,
What does bactericidal mean 3
7
cards
6.2.11 - Limiting Antibiotic Resistance
0
cards
7.1.1 - Movement Of The Skeleton
Describe tendons 3 points 1,
Describe ligaments 2 points 2,
Describe muscles 3 points 3
6
cards
7.1.2 - Muscle Fibres
Describe the skeletal muscle 1,
Describe the muscle fibre 2,
Describe the sarcoplasm of the mu...
12
cards
7.1.3 - Muscle Contraction
Describe thick myosin filaments 1,
Describe thin actin filaments 2,
Describe the binding sites when r...
6
cards
7.2.1 - Respiration: An Overview
Describe aerobic respiration 1,
What is the equation for aerobic ...,
What are the 4 stages of aerobic ...
9
cards
7.2.2 - Stages Of Respiration
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7.2.3 - Glycolysis
What is glycolysis 3 points 1,
What are the products of glycolys...,
What happens under anaerobic cond...
6
cards
7.2.4 - Link Reaction & Krebs Cycle
Describe pyruvate 2 points 1,
Describe the mitochondrial matrix 2,
How does pyruvate enter the mitoc...
12
cards
7.2.5 - Oxidative Phosphorylation
Describe oxidative phosphorylation 1,
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2
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7.2.7 - Anaerobic Respiration
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7.3.1 - Homostasis: An Overview
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cards
7.3.2 - Electrical Activity In The Heart
Describe what is meant by myogenic 1,
Describe the san 3 points 2,
Describe the bundle of his 3
4
cards
7.3.3 - ECGs & Diagnosing CVD
What is electrocardiography 1,
Describe electrocardiograms ecg 2,
Describe the p wave of this ecg o...
10
cards
7.3.4 - Calculating Cardiac Output
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cards
7.4.1 - Variations In Breathing Rate & Heart Rate
0
cards
7.4.3 - Intensity Of Exercise
0
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7.4.4 - Modern Medicine & Participation In Sport
0
cards
8.1.1 - Co-ordination Of Response
Why must organisms respond to cha...,
What are some examples of favoura...,
What are 2 key reasons organisms ...
10
cards
8.1.2 - Neurones: Structure & Function
What are neurones 1,
What is a nerve 2,
What features are in all neurones 3
23
cards
8.1.3 - Nervous System: Response To A Stimulus
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8.1.4 - Transmission Of Nerve Impulses
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cards
8.1.5 - Synapses: Structure & Function
0
cards
8.1.6 - Detection Of Light
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8.1.7 - The Effects Of IAA
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8.1.8 - Phytochrome
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8.2.1 - Brain: Structure & Function
What are the different sections w...,
Describe the cerebrum 2,
Describe the cerebral cortex of t...
6
cards
8.2.3 - Development Of The Visual Cortex
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8.2.4 - The Role Of Animal Models In Research
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8.2.5 - Habituation
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cards
8.2.6 - Imbalances In Brain Chemicals Leading To Disease
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8.2.7 - Actions Of Drugs On Synapses
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8.2.8 - Personalised Medicine
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8.2.9 - Producing Drugs Using GMOs
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8.2.10 - Nature Vs Nurture In Brain Development
0
cards
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A-Level Biology
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