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A Level Biology > Water Alevel Book > Flashcards

Water Alevel Book Flashcards

1
Q

What is a metabolic reaction

A

A chemical reaction that happens in a living organism to keep the organism alive

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2
Q

What is a metabolite

A

A substance involved in the metabolic reaction

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3
Q

Where do most metabolic reactions take place

A

In solution

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4
Q

What is an example of a solution a metabolic reaction would take place in

A

The cyctoplasm of eukaryotic or prokaryotic cells

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5
Q

What is an example of a metabolite in numerous important metabolic reactions

A

Water

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6
Q

What are some examples of metabolic reactions

A

Condensation reaction,hydrolysis reactions

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7
Q

How does water help with temperature control

A

It has a high latent of heat vaporisation and a high specific heat capacity

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8
Q

What does the cohesiveness of water help

A

It helps water transport in plants aswell as transport in other organisms

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9
Q

Why is water a polar molecule

A

It has a partial negative charge on one side and a partial positive charge on the other side

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10
Q

Why is half of the shared negative hydrogen electrons left with a slight positive charge

A

They are pulled towards the oxygen atom

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11
Q

What do the slightly negatively charged oxygen atoms attract

A

The slightly positively charged hydrogen atoms of other water molecules

This is called hydrogen bonding and has many useful properties

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12
Q

What are all the useful properties of water

A

It is an important metabolite

High latent heat of vaporisation

Water can buffer changes in temperatures

It is a good solvent

Strong cohesion between water molecules

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13
Q

What does buffer mean

A

Resist

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14
Q

What reaction do many metabolic reactions include

A

A condensation reaction or hydrolysis reaction

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15
Q

What does a hydrolysis reaction require and why

A

A molecule of water required to break a bond

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16
Q

What does a condensation reaction release and why

A

A molecule of water to break a bond

17
Q

What type of reaction is energy from ATP released through

A

Hydrolysis

18
Q

what does high latent heat of vaporisation mean

A

it takes alot of energy/heat to break the hydrogen bonds between water molecules

19
Q

what is used up when water evaporates

A

energy (alot of it)

20
Q

why is high latent heat of vaporisation useful for organisms

A

this is useful for living organisms because it means they can use water loss through evaporation to cool down e.g. sweat

21
Q

what can the hydrogen bonds absorb a lot of and what does this mean

A

energy, this means water has a high specific heat capacity and takes alot of energy to heat it up

22
Q

why is high specific heat capacity good for organisms

A

aquatic organisms find this helpful as the temperature of their habitat will not fluctuate often and is stable,along with the water inside of the organisms

23
Q

what are alot of important substances in metabolic reactions and what is an example of one?

A

ionic,an example being salt

24
Q

what does ionic mean

A

this means theyre made form one positively charged atom and one negatively charged atom or molecule

25
Q

what positive and negative atoms is salt made of

A

one positive sodium ion and one negative chloride atom

26
Q

water is polar,what does this mean for the positive end and the negative end of a water molecule and what does this result in

A

the positive end of a water molecule will be attracted to the negative ion and the negative end of the water molecule is attracted to the positive ion

this results in the ions will be totally surrounded by water molecules and dissolve

27
Q

what does waters polarity make it useful as

A

a solvent

28
Q

what is cohesion

A

the attraction between molecules of the same type e.g. two water molecules.

29
Q

why are water molecules very cohesive

A

they are polar

30
Q

what does strong cohesion aid,and what is an example of this

A

strong cohesion helps water to flow,making it great for transporting substances e.g. its how water travels in columns up the xylem in plants

31
Q

why does sweat form droplets which evaporate from the skin to cool an organism down

A

strong cohesion means that water has a high surface tension when it comes into contact with air

A Level Biology (160 decks)

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