Water Alevel Book

Question 1

What is a metabolic reaction

Answer 1

A chemical reaction that happens in a living organism to keep the organism alive

Question 2

What is a metabolite

Answer 2

A substance involved in the metabolic reaction

Question 3

Where do most metabolic reactions take place

Answer 3

In solution

Question 4

What is an example of a solution a metabolic reaction would take place in

Answer 4

The cyctoplasm of eukaryotic or prokaryotic cells

Question 5

What is an example of a metabolite in numerous important metabolic reactions

Answer 5

Water

Question 6

What are some examples of metabolic reactions

Answer 6

Condensation reaction,hydrolysis reactions

Question 7

How does water help with temperature control

Answer 7

It has a high latent of heat vaporisation and a high specific heat capacity

Question 8

What does the cohesiveness of water help

Answer 8

It helps water transport in plants aswell as transport in other organisms

Question 9

Why is water a polar molecule

Answer 9

It has a partial negative charge on one side and a partial positive charge on the other side

Question 10

Why is half of the shared negative hydrogen electrons left with a slight positive charge

Answer 10

They are pulled towards the oxygen atom

Question 11

What do the slightly negatively charged oxygen atoms attract

Answer 11

The slightly positively charged hydrogen atoms of other water molecules

This is called hydrogen bonding and has many useful properties

Question 12

What are all the useful properties of water

Answer 12

It is an important metabolite

High latent heat of vaporisation

Water can buffer changes in temperatures

It is a good solvent

Strong cohesion between water molecules

Question 13

What does buffer mean

Answer 13

Resist

Question 14

What reaction do many metabolic reactions include

Answer 14

A condensation reaction or hydrolysis reaction

Question 15

What does a hydrolysis reaction require and why

Answer 15

A molecule of water required to break a bond

Question 16

What does a condensation reaction release and why

Answer 16

A molecule of water to break a bond

Question 17

What type of reaction is energy from ATP released through

Answer 17

Hydrolysis

Question 18

what does high latent heat of vaporisation mean

Answer 18

it takes alot of energy/heat to break the hydrogen bonds between water molecules

Question 19

what is used up when water evaporates

Answer 19

energy (alot of it)

Question 20

why is high latent heat of vaporisation useful for organisms

Answer 20

this is useful for living organisms because it means they can use water loss through evaporation to cool down e.g. sweat

Question 21

what can the hydrogen bonds absorb a lot of and what does this mean

Answer 21

energy, this means water has a high specific heat capacity and takes alot of energy to heat it up

Question 22

why is high specific heat capacity good for organisms

Answer 22

aquatic organisms find this helpful as the temperature of their habitat will not fluctuate often and is stable,along with the water inside of the organisms

Question 23

what are alot of important substances in metabolic reactions and what is an example of one?

Answer 23

ionic,an example being salt

Question 24

what does ionic mean

Answer 24

this means theyre made form one positively charged atom and one negatively charged atom or molecule

Question 25

what positive and negative atoms is salt made of

Answer 25

one positive sodium ion and one negative chloride atom

Question 26

water is polar,what does this mean for the positive end and the negative end of a water molecule and what does this result in

Answer 26

the positive end of a water molecule will be attracted to the negative ion and the negative end of the water molecule is attracted to the positive ion

this results in the ions will be totally surrounded by water molecules and dissolve

Question 27

what does waters polarity make it useful as

Answer 27

a solvent

Question 28

what is cohesion

Answer 28

the attraction between molecules of the same type e.g. two water molecules.

Question 29

why are water molecules very cohesive

Answer 29

they are polar

Question 30

what does strong cohesion aid,and what is an example of this

Answer 30

strong cohesion helps water to flow,making it great for transporting substances e.g. its how water travels in columns up the xylem in plants

Question 31

why does sweat form droplets which evaporate from the skin to cool an organism down

Answer 31

strong cohesion means that water has a high surface tension when it comes into contact with air