Water Alevel Book Flashcards
What is a metabolic reaction
A chemical reaction that happens in a living organism to keep the organism alive
What is a metabolite
A substance involved in the metabolic reaction
Where do most metabolic reactions take place
In solution
What is an example of a solution a metabolic reaction would take place in
The cyctoplasm of eukaryotic or prokaryotic cells
What is an example of a metabolite in numerous important metabolic reactions
Water
What are some examples of metabolic reactions
Condensation reaction,hydrolysis reactions
How does water help with temperature control
It has a high latent of heat vaporisation and a high specific heat capacity
What does the cohesiveness of water help
It helps water transport in plants aswell as transport in other organisms
Why is water a polar molecule
It has a partial negative charge on one side and a partial positive charge on the other side
Why is half of the shared negative hydrogen electrons left with a slight positive charge
They are pulled towards the oxygen atom
What do the slightly negatively charged oxygen atoms attract
The slightly positively charged hydrogen atoms of other water molecules
This is called hydrogen bonding and has many useful properties
What are all the useful properties of water
It is an important metabolite
High latent heat of vaporisation
Water can buffer changes in temperatures
It is a good solvent
Strong cohesion between water molecules
What does buffer mean
Resist
What reaction do many metabolic reactions include
A condensation reaction or hydrolysis reaction
What does a hydrolysis reaction require and why
A molecule of water required to break a bond
What does a condensation reaction release and why
A molecule of water to break a bond
What type of reaction is energy from ATP released through
Hydrolysis
what does high latent heat of vaporisation mean
it takes alot of energy/heat to break the hydrogen bonds between water molecules
what is used up when water evaporates
energy (alot of it)
why is high latent heat of vaporisation useful for organisms
this is useful for living organisms because it means they can use water loss through evaporation to cool down e.g. sweat
what can the hydrogen bonds absorb a lot of and what does this mean
energy, this means water has a high specific heat capacity and takes alot of energy to heat it up
why is high specific heat capacity good for organisms
aquatic organisms find this helpful as the temperature of their habitat will not fluctuate often and is stable,along with the water inside of the organisms
what are alot of important substances in metabolic reactions and what is an example of one?
ionic,an example being salt
what does ionic mean
this means theyre made form one positively charged atom and one negatively charged atom or molecule
what positive and negative atoms is salt made of
one positive sodium ion and one negative chloride atom
water is polar,what does this mean for the positive end and the negative end of a water molecule and what does this result in
the positive end of a water molecule will be attracted to the negative ion and the negative end of the water molecule is attracted to the positive ion
this results in the ions will be totally surrounded by water molecules and dissolve
what does waters polarity make it useful as
a solvent
what is cohesion
the attraction between molecules of the same type e.g. two water molecules.
why are water molecules very cohesive
they are polar
what does strong cohesion aid,and what is an example of this
strong cohesion helps water to flow,making it great for transporting substances e.g. its how water travels in columns up the xylem in plants
why does sweat form droplets which evaporate from the skin to cool an organism down
strong cohesion means that water has a high surface tension when it comes into contact with air
