Enzyme Action

Question 1

What do enzymes catalyse

Answer 1

Metabolic reactions both at a cellular level. E.g. respiration and for the organism as a whole

E.g. digestion

Question 2

Can enzymes affect structures in an organism?

Answer 2

Yes

Question 3

What is an example of a structure in an organism enzymes can affect

Answer 3

Collagen

Question 4

What is an example of a function enzymes can affect

Answer 4

Respiration

Question 5

Can enzymes be intracellular or extracellular?

Answer 5

Both

Question 6

What doe intracellular mean

Answer 6

Inside of the cell

Question 7

What does extracellular mean

Answer 7

Outside of the cell

Question 8

What is the active site of an enzyme

Answer 8

Where the substrate molecules bind to

Question 9

What do enzymes do to the activation energy of a reaction

Answer 9

Lowers it

Question 10

What is the activation energy

Answer 10

The certain amount of energy that needs to be supplied to the chemicals before the reaction will start

Question 11

What is activation energy often offered in the form of

Answer 11

Heat

Question 12

How do enzymes lower the amount of activation energy needed

Answer 12

By making reactions happen at a lower temperature than they could without an enzyme which speeds up the rate of reaction

Question 13

What is an enzyme substrate complex

Answer 13

When a substrate fits into the enzymes active site ,it is this that lowers the activation energy

Question 14

How does the enzyme substrate complex lower the activation energy

Answer 14

If two substrate molecules need to be joined,being attached to the enzyme holds them close together,reducing any repulsion between the molecules so they can bond more easily

Another reason is if the enzyme is catalysing a breakdown reaction,fitting into the active site puts a strain on bonds in the substrate,so the substrate molecules breaks up more easily

Question 15

What is the lock and key model

Answer 15

This is where the substrates fits into the enzyme in the same way that a key fits into a lock

Question 16

What does the enzyme-substrate complex do to complete the fit and what does this do

Answer 16

Changed shape slightly and this locks the substrate even more tightly to the enzyme

Question 17

What is a better theory than the lock and key model

Answer 17

The induced fit model

Question 18

What is the induced fit model

Answer 18

This helps to explain why enzymes are so specific and only bond to one particular substrate.

The substrate doesn’t only have to be the right shape to fit the active site,it has to make the active site change shape

Question 19

Enzymes are specific and only catalyse one reaction,what doe maltase only break down

Answer 19

Maltose

Question 20

What does sucrase break down

Answer 20

Sucrose

Question 21

Why is is that enzymes only catalyse one reaction each

Answer 21

Only one complementary substrate will fit into the active site

Question 22

What is the active sites shape determined by

Answer 22

The tertiary structure

Question 23

What is the enzymes tertiary structure determined by

Answer 23

The primary structure

Question 24

What happens if the substrate doesn’t match the active site

Answer 24

The enzyme substrate complex won’t be formed and the reaction won’t be catalysed

Question 25

What happens if the tertiary structure of the enzyme I’d altered in any way

Answer 25

The shape of the active site will change this means the won’t fit into the active site and an enzyme substrate complex won’t be formed and the enzyme will no longer be able to carry out it’s function