Photosynthesis, Respiration and ATP Flashcards
what are examples of things plants need energy for
photosynthesis, active transport (e.g. to take minerals into their roots), DNA replication, Cell division and protein synthesis.
what are examples of things animals need energy for
Muscle contraction, maintenance of body temperature, active transport, DNA replication, cell division and protein synthesis
in what form does photosynthesis store energy
glucose
what is photosynthesis
photosynthesis is the process where energy from light is used to make glucose from H2O and CO2 (the light energy is converted to chemical energy in the form of glucose)
what is the overall equation of photosynthesis
6CO2 + 6H2O + energy _____> C6H12O6 ( glucose) + 6O2
energy is stored in the glucose until_______
the plants release it by respiration
how do animals obtain glucose
by eating plants (or other animals) then respire the glucose to release energy
What is it called when plants and animals release energy from glucose
respiration
what are the two types of respiration and what do they use
aerobic respiration- respiration using oxygen
anaerobic respiration- respiration without oxygen
what does aerobic respiration produces and release
produces carbon dioxide and water and releases energy
what is the equation of aerobic respiration
C6H12O6 (glucose) + 6O2 ——–> 6CO2 +6H2O + energy
what does anaerobic respiration in plants produce and release
respiration in plants and yeast produces ethanol and carbon dioxide and releases energy
what does anaerobic respiration produce and release in humans
produces lactate and releases energy
where CAN’T a cell directly get energy from
glucose
in respiration what is the energy released from glucose used to make?
ATP
what is ATP synthesised by
by condensation reaction between ADP and an inorganic phosphate using an energy-releasing reaction, e.g. the breakdown of glucose in respiration
The energy is stored as chemical energy in the phosphate bond.
The enzyme ATP synthase catalyses this reaction.
where does ATP diffuse to
the part of the cell that needs energy
what happens when ATP diffuses to the part of the cell that needs energy
here, it’s hydrolysed back into ADP and inorganic phosphate.
where is chemical energy released from
released from the phosphate bond and used by the cell.
ATP hydrolase catalyses this reaction
what happens after the process is finished
ADP and inorganic phosphate are recycled and the process starts again.
