Photosynthesis, Respiration and ATP

Question 1

what are examples of things plants need energy for

Answer 1

photosynthesis, active transport (e.g. to take minerals into their roots), DNA replication, Cell division and protein synthesis.

Question 2

what are examples of things animals need energy for

Answer 2

Muscle contraction, maintenance of body temperature, active transport, DNA replication, cell division and protein synthesis

Question 3

in what form does photosynthesis store energy

Answer 3

glucose

Question 4

what is photosynthesis

Answer 4

photosynthesis is the process where energy from light is used to make glucose from H2O and CO2 (the light energy is converted to chemical energy in the form of glucose)

Question 5

what is the overall equation of photosynthesis

Answer 5

6CO2 + 6H2O + energy _____> C6H12O6 ( glucose) + 6O2

Question 6

energy is stored in the glucose until_______

Answer 6

the plants release it by respiration

Question 7

how do animals obtain glucose

Answer 7

by eating plants (or other animals) then respire the glucose to release energy

Question 8

What is it called when plants and animals release energy from glucose

Answer 8

respiration

Question 9

what are the two types of respiration and what do they use

Answer 9

aerobic respiration- respiration using oxygen

anaerobic respiration- respiration without oxygen

Question 10

what does aerobic respiration produces and release

Answer 10

produces carbon dioxide and water and releases energy

Question 11

what is the equation of aerobic respiration

Answer 11

C6H12O6 (glucose) + 6O2 ——–> 6CO2 +6H2O + energy

Question 12

what does anaerobic respiration in plants produce and release

Answer 12

respiration in plants and yeast produces ethanol and carbon dioxide and releases energy

Question 13

what does anaerobic respiration produce and release in humans

Answer 13

produces lactate and releases energy

Question 14

where CAN’T a cell directly get energy from

Answer 14

glucose

Question 15

in respiration what is the energy released from glucose used to make?

Answer 15

ATP

Question 16

what is ATP synthesised by

Answer 16

by condensation reaction between ADP and an inorganic phosphate using an energy-releasing reaction, e.g. the breakdown of glucose in respiration

The energy is stored as chemical energy in the phosphate bond.

The enzyme ATP synthase catalyses this reaction.

Question 17

where does ATP diffuse to

Answer 17

the part of the cell that needs energy

Question 18

what happens when ATP diffuses to the part of the cell that needs energy

Answer 18

here, it’s hydrolysed back into ADP and inorganic phosphate.

Question 19

where is chemical energy released from

Answer 19

released from the phosphate bond and used by the cell.

ATP hydrolase catalyses this reaction

Question 20

what happens after the process is finished

Answer 20

ADP and inorganic phosphate are recycled and the process starts again.