Immune System And Response Flashcards
What are antigens
Molecules,usually proteins that can generate an immune response when detected by the body
Where are antigens often found
The surface of cells and are used by the immune system to identify pathogens,abnormal bodycells,toxins and cells from other individuals of the same species
What is a phagocyte
A type of white blood cell that carries out phagocytosis
Where are phagocytes often found
In the blood and tissues
What is the first step in phagocytosis
A phagocyte recognises the foreign antigens in a pathogen
What is the second step in phagocytosis
The cyctoplasm of the phagocyte moves around the pathogen,engulfing it.
What is the third step in phagocytosis
The pathogen is now contained in in a phagocytic vacuole in the cyctoplasm of the phagocyte
What is a phagocytic vacuole
Bougie word for bubble
What is the fourth step in phagocytosis
A lysosome fuses with the phagocytic vacuole.the lysosomes the. Break down the pathogen
What is the fifth step in phagocytosis
The phagocyte then presents the pathogens antigens it sticks the antigens on its surface to activate other immune system cells.
What are the four main stages in immune response
Phagocytes engulf pathogens
Phagocytes activate t cells
T cells activate b cells which divide into plasma cells
Plasma cells make more antibodies to a specific antigen
What are the first cells to respond to an immune system trigger
Phagocytes
What is a t cell
Another type of white blood cell
What do t cells have on the surface
Receptor proteins
What do receptor proteins do
Bind to complementary antigens presented to it by phagocytes
