photosynthesis, respiration and ATP pt.2 Flashcards
what does ATP do to minimise energy wasted as heat
releases energy in small manageable amount
how can ATP be easily transported around the cell
it is a small soluble molecule
what can ATP do as a result of is being easily broken down
energy can be released instantaneously
how can ATP make other molecules more reactive
by transferring one of its phosphate groups (phosphorylation)
what can ATP NOT do which leads to an immediate supply of energy
it cannot pass out of the cell
what are all the properties of ATP
stores or releases a small, manageable amount of energy at a time
easily broken down
it can be quickly remade
it can make other molecules more reactive
ATP cant pass out of the cell
what is a metabolic pathway
a series of small reactions controlled by enzymes e.g. respiration and photosynthesis
what is phosphorylation
adding phosphate to a molecule e.g. ADP is phosphorylated to ATP
what is photophosphorylation
adding phosphate to a molecule using light
what is photolysis
the splitting (lysis) of a molecule using light (photo) energy
what is photonisation
when light energy excites electrons in an atom or molecule, giving them more energy and causing them to be released. The release of electrons causes the atom or molecule to become a positively charged ion
what is hydrolysis
the splitting (lysis) of a molecule using water (hydro)
what is decarboxylation
the removal of carbon dioxide from a molecule
what is dehydrogenation
the removal of hydrogen from a molecule
what are redox reactions
reactions that involve oxidation and reduction
