mitosis Flashcards
prophase
The chromatin thicken and condense, becoming visible. The nuclear envelope breaks down
metaphase
The chromosomes align in the centre of the cell. Spindle fibres begin to attach to each sister chromatid
anaphase
The sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite poles of the cell. The centromeres divide in two and move to opposite poles of the cell,
Telophase
The start of the cell division where the spindle fibres disintergrate and the nucleolus reforms
Cytokinesis
The process by which the cell splits into two at the end of mitosis, forming a new nuclear envelope and plasma membrane
chromatid
Half a chromosome
Homologous Chromosomes
Identical chromosomes
centromere
The central region of a chromosome that holds the two chromatids together
mitosis
The process that produces two daughter cells and have the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell
binary fission
The process of cell division in prokaryotic cells
first stage of binary fission
The circular DNA replicates, both copies attach to the cell membrane. The plasmid also replicates
interphase
The DNA replication that occurs before mitosis. This takes up 90% of the cell cycle
growth stage 1 (G1)
The first part of interphase. Parts of the cell reproduce, such as organelles and the cytoplasm
Synthesis stage
The second part of interphase. The DNA packaged into chromosomes replicate. This forms sister chromatids
Growth stage 2 (G2)
The final part of interphase. The stage by which the cell checks that the replication process has been a success before the cell undergoes mitosis, further growth may occur to ensure everything has been replicated
