Immune System And Response PT.3 Flashcards
What is active immunity
Resistance to disease resulting from the activities of an individual’s own immune system whereby an antigen induces plasma cells to blood cells to produce antibodies
What is an allergen
A normally harmless substance that causes the immune system to produce antibodies
What is an antibody
A protein produced by lymphocytes in response to the presence of the appropriate antigen
What is an antibody antigen complex
When an antibody interacts with and binds to a specific and complementary antigen
What is an antigen
A molecule that triggers an immune response by lymphocytes
What is the antigen binding site
Region on an antibody to which an antigen binds
What is a b cell/b lymphocyte
Type of white blood cell that is produced and matures within the bone marrow.B lymphocytes produce antibodies as part of their role in immunity.see also T cell
What is cellular immunity
Immunity governed by T cells
What is a clone
A group of genetically identical cells or organisms formed from a single parent as the result of asexual reproduction or by artificial means
What is constant region
The base of Y shape of an antibody that has the same structure regardless of the antigen the antibody binds to
What is a cytotoxic T cell
Activated T cell capable of destroying a specific pathogen
What is a helper t cell
A t cell repsonsible for activating immature t and b cells and phagocytes
What is herd immunity
When the majority of a population is immune to a pathogen (usually through vaccination) the pathogen has fewer hosts to be transmitted through,so making it less likely that people not immune will be infected
What is humoral immunity
Immunity governed by B cells
What is immunity
The means by which the body protects itself from infection
What is non specific immunity
Immunity governed by phagocytes
What is passive immunity
Resistance to a disease that is aquired from the introduction of antibodies from another individual,rather than an individual’s own immune system ,e.g. across the placenta or the mother’s.it is usually short lived
What is a pathogen
Any microorganism that causes disease
What is phagocytosis
Mechanism by which cells engulf particles to form a vesicle or vacuole a
What is a phagocyte
A type of white blood cell involved in non specific immunity .acts by engulfing and digest pathogens
What phagosome
Large vesicle found in a phagocyte where pathogens are transported and destroyed by hydrolytic enzymes
What is a plasma cell
Activated B cell that produces many antibodies capable of destroying a specific pathogen
What is a plasma cell
Activated B cell that produces many antibodies capable of destroying a specific pathogen
What is a receptor
Structure (normally a protein) on the surface of a cell capable of binding to and so detecting another molecule
What is a T lymphocyte
Type of white blood cell that is produced in the bone marrow but matures in the thymus gland.T lymphocytes coordinate the immune response and kill infected cells.see also B cell
What is vaccination
The introduction of a vaccine containing appropriate disease antigens into the body,by injection or mouth,in order to induce artificial immunity
What is the variable region
What is the variable region
The tips of an antibody that have a structure complementary to the antigen they bind to and so are different for each type of antibody
