Immune System And Response PT.3

Question 1

What is active immunity

Answer 1

Resistance to disease resulting from the activities of an individual’s own immune system whereby an antigen induces plasma cells to blood cells to produce antibodies

Question 2

What is an allergen

Answer 2

A normally harmless substance that causes the immune system to produce antibodies

Question 3

What is an antibody

Answer 3

A protein produced by lymphocytes in response to the presence of the appropriate antigen

Question 4

What is an antibody antigen complex

Answer 4

When an antibody interacts with and binds to a specific and complementary antigen

Question 5

What is an antigen

Answer 5

A molecule that triggers an immune response by lymphocytes

Question 6

What is the antigen binding site

Answer 6

Region on an antibody to which an antigen binds

Question 7

What is a b cell/b lymphocyte

Answer 7

Type of white blood cell that is produced and matures within the bone marrow.B lymphocytes produce antibodies as part of their role in immunity.see also T cell

Question 8

What is cellular immunity

Answer 8

Immunity governed by T cells

Question 9

What is a clone

Answer 9

A group of genetically identical cells or organisms formed from a single parent as the result of asexual reproduction or by artificial means

Question 10

What is constant region

Answer 10

The base of Y shape of an antibody that has the same structure regardless of the antigen the antibody binds to

Question 11

What is a cytotoxic T cell

Answer 11

Activated T cell capable of destroying a specific pathogen

Question 12

What is a helper t cell

Answer 12

A t cell repsonsible for activating immature t and b cells and phagocytes

Question 13

What is herd immunity

Answer 13

When the majority of a population is immune to a pathogen (usually through vaccination) the pathogen has fewer hosts to be transmitted through,so making it less likely that people not immune will be infected

Question 14

What is humoral immunity

Answer 14

Immunity governed by B cells

Question 15

What is immunity

Answer 15

The means by which the body protects itself from infection

Question 16

What is non specific immunity

Answer 16

Immunity governed by phagocytes

Question 17

What is passive immunity

Answer 17

Resistance to a disease that is aquired from the introduction of antibodies from another individual,rather than an individual’s own immune system ,e.g. across the placenta or the mother’s.it is usually short lived

Question 18

What is a pathogen

Answer 18

Any microorganism that causes disease

Question 19

What is phagocytosis

Answer 19

Mechanism by which cells engulf particles to form a vesicle or vacuole a

Question 20

What is a phagocyte

Answer 20

A type of white blood cell involved in non specific immunity .acts by engulfing and digest pathogens

Question 21

What phagosome

Answer 21

Large vesicle found in a phagocyte where pathogens are transported and destroyed by hydrolytic enzymes

Question 22

What is a plasma cell

Answer 22

Activated B cell that produces many antibodies capable of destroying a specific pathogen

Question 23

What is a plasma cell

Answer 23

Activated B cell that produces many antibodies capable of destroying a specific pathogen

Question 24

What is a receptor

Answer 24

Structure (normally a protein) on the surface of a cell capable of binding to and so detecting another molecule

Question 25

What is a T lymphocyte

Answer 25

Type of white blood cell that is produced in the bone marrow but matures in the thymus gland.T lymphocytes coordinate the immune response and kill infected cells.see also B cell

Question 26

What is vaccination

Answer 26

The introduction of a vaccine containing appropriate disease antigens into the body,by injection or mouth,in order to induce artificial immunity

Question 27

What is the variable region

Answer 27

What is the variable region

The tips of an antibody that have a structure complementary to the antigen they bind to and so are different for each type of antibody