Enzymes In Detail

Question 1

How do the enzymes lower the activation energy

Answer 1

Bending the bonds in substrate putting strain on the bonds,and making them more likely to break

Bringing molecules closer together,overcoming the natural repulsion between the two molecules,making a bond between the two molecules more likely

Question 2

What are all the factors that can affect enzyme activity

Answer 2

Temperature,pH ,substrate or enzyme concentration

Question 3

How can temperature effect enzymes

Answer 3

As temperature increases the kinetic energy of the enzyme and substrate increases and substrate increases,they are more likely to collide and form enzyme substrate complexes which increases the rate of reaction

Question 4

What happens to an enzyme if it is above optimum temperature

Answer 4

Above the optimum temperature the hydrogen bonds in the tertiary structure break,the active site changes shape and is no longer complementary

Meaning enzyme substrate complexes can’t be formed and rate of reaction decreases

Question 5

How does pH affect enzyme activity

Answer 5

Deviation away from the optimum pH changes causes changes in the ionic bonds between R groups the active site changes shape and is no longer complementary to the substrate. Enzyme substrate complexes cannot form and the rate of reaction decreases

Question 6

How can substrate or enzyme concentration effect enzyme activity

Answer 6

As the concentration increases the rate of reaction increases

This is due to more collisions and an increase in enzyme-substrate complexes formed.

At high concentrations the rate levels off