Ureters and Urinary Bladder Flashcards
The ureter is a retroperitoneal, distensible muscular tube that connects the kidney with the retroperitoneal?
- The proximal portion lies in the abdominal cavity, the distal portion in the* pelvic cavity.
- The ureter commences as a dilatation called the renal pelvis, which l**ies posterior to the renal vessels, and as it descends it lies on the p*soas major muscle. It crosses anterior to the bifurcation of the common iliac artery, courses along the lateral wall of the pelvis, and turns medially to reach the bladder.
- In the male the ductus (vas)* deferens crosses it superiorly.
- In the female the* uiterine artery crosses it superiorly.
There are three constrictions in the ureters where calculi (stones) may lodge. These are:
- 1* Uretopelvic junction
- 2* Pelvic brim
- 3* Where ureters enters the bladder
Which part of the bladder do the ureters enter?
Uretopelvic junction
From which part of the bladder does the urethra exit?
Urethra
Identify the apex of the urinary bladder. This is the site from which the median umbilical ligament ascends to the umbilicus. Embryologically, what is this a remnant of?
Urachus
Which of the 4 tissue types makes up the walls of the urinary bladder?
Urothelium, lamina propria, muscularis propria and perivesical fat
Identify the bony joint immediately anterior to the urinary bladder
Pubic symphisis
There are is a large variety in the bladder size seen on cadaveric specimens. The bladder can be sufficiently enlarged to reach into the abdominal cavity. In males what could be the cause of the enlarged bladder?
Obsgtruction
What symptoms might a person with a hugely enlarged bladder due to the obstruction cause be experiencing in life
Difficulty urinating
What kind of epithelium lines the urinary bladder and ureter?
Smooth muscle
What is the advantage of having this kind of epithelium lining these structures?
Has specific defense mechanisms for the bladder
