The Midgut and Hindgut Flashcards
What are the colours of the jejunum and ileum?
Jejum- Deeper red
Ileum- Paler pink
What are the walls of the jejunum and ileum like?
Jejunum- Thick and heavy
Ileum- Thin and light
WHat is the vascularity like?
Jejunum- Greater
Ileum- Less
What are the vasa recta of the jejunum and ileum like?
Jjeunum- Long
Ileum- Short
What are the arcades of the jejunum and ileum like?
Jejunum- A few large loops
Ileum- Many short loops
What os the fat in the jejunuma nd illeum like?
Jjeunum- Less
Ileum- More
What are the circular folds of the jejunum like?
Large, tall and closely pakced
What are the circular folds of the jejunum and ileum like?
Jejunum- Large, tall and closely packed
Ileum- Large valvular flaps
WHat are the lymphoid tissue in the jejunum and ileum?
Jejunum- Small amounts
Ileum- Numerous Peyer’s patch
Which major blood vessel supplies the jejunum and ileum?
Superior mesenteric artery
Where do the veins surrounding the jejunum and ileum drain to?
Portal venous system
Which set of lymph nodes does lymph drain to from here?
Superior mesenteric lymph nodes
Which part of the autonomic nervous system (sympathetic or parasympathetic) stimulations reduces the secretion and motility of the intestine and also acts as vasoconstrictor?
Parasympathetic
What does the nerve supply come from?
From the superior mesenteric plexus therefore pain generally goes to the umbilical region.
The large intestine can be distinguished from the small intestine by 3 features?
Taeni coli
Omental apices
Haustura
How is the large intestine peritonised?
Caecum Intraperitoneal
Ascending Colon Retroperitoneal
Transverse Colon Intraperitoneal
Descending Colon Reteroperitoneal
Sigmoid Colon Intraperitoneal
Which of the 9 abdominal region is the caecum and appendix located?
Right inguinal region
What two structures open into the caecum?
Ileum and appendix
What is Mcurbey’s point and why is it clinically useful?
Name given to the point over the right side of the abdomen that is one-third of the distance from the anterior superior iliac spine to the umbilicus. Most common location of the base of the appendix where it is attached to the cecum. Pain over this point is found in 91% of patients with an inflamed appendix
What are the artieral supply of the ascending colon?
Superior mesenteric artery, the ileocolic and right colic arteries
What are the artieral supply of the transverse colon?
Superior mesenteric artery and Inferior mesenteric artery
What is the arterial supply of the descending colon?
Inferior mesenteric artery- left colic artery
What is the arterial supply of the sigmoid colon?
IMA
What is the venous drainage of the ascending colon?
Ileocolic and right colic veins which emoty into superior mesenteric vein
Drain into portal venous system
What is the venous drainage of the transverse colon?
Middle colic vein empties into superior mesenteric vein
Drains into portal
What is the venous drainage of the descending colon?
Left colic vein which drains into the inferior mesenteric vein
Drains into portal venous system
What is the venous drainage of the sigmoid colon?
Sigmoid veins into the inferior mesenteric vein
Drains into portal venous system
What is the peritonisation of the ascending colon?
Retroperiotneal
Peritonisation of transverse colon?
Intraperitoneal
Peritonisation of descending colon?
Retroperiotneal
Peritonisation of sigmoid colon?
Intraperitoneal
What is the arterial supply of the superior 1/3 od the rectum?
Superior rectal artery
What is the arterial supply of the middle 1/3 od the rectum?
Middle rectal artery
What is the arterial supply of the ifnerior 1/3 of the arterial supply?
Inferior rectal artery
What is the venous drainage of the superior 1/3, middle 1/3 and inferior 1/3?
Superior- Superior rectal vein into portal venous system
Middle- Middle rectal vein into systemic system
Inferior- Inferior rectal vein into the systemic system
What is the lymph drainage of the superior, middle and inferior 1/3?
Superior- Inferior mesenteric nodes
Middle- Internal iliac nodes
Inferior- Superficial inguinal nodes
What is the periotnisation of the superior, middle and inferior 1/3?
Superior- Retroperitonisation
Middle- Retroperitoneal
Inferior- Subperitoneal
What is the role of the pelvic floor in maintaining faecal continence?
Muscles of the pelvic floor support your rectum and the urinary bladder. Work with internal anal sphincter to maintain continence
What other structures are involved in faecal continence?
External anal sphincter and internal anal sphincter
What is the pectinate line?
Line which divides the upper two thirds and lower third of the anal canal
What si the arterial supply, venous drainage and lymphatic drainage of these parts of the gut tube?
