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Anatomy Decks > The Peritoneum > Flashcards

The Peritoneum Flashcards

1
Q

What is the peritnoeum?

A

Continous membrane which lines the abdominal cavity and covers abominal organs

It is one continous layer but is described different depending on where it lies

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2
Q

The peritoneum lining the body wall?

A

Partietal peritoneum

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3
Q

The peritoneum lining the viscera?

A

Visceral peritoneum

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4
Q

Which layer of the peritoneum is more sensitive to pressure, pain, heat & cold?

A

Partietal peritnoeum

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5
Q

Define the term peritoneal cavity?

A

Space between the partietal and visceral peritoneum

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6
Q

There are no organs within the peritoneal cavity. What is present within the peritoneal cavity?

A

Peritoneal effusion

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7
Q

What is ascities?

A

Peritoneal effusion

Small amounts of fluid can collect in paracolic gutters

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8
Q

What are organs surrounded by visceral peritneum called?

A

Intraperitoneal

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9
Q

What are organs only covered on their anterior surface by visceral peritoneum called?

A

Retroperitoneal

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10
Q
A
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11
Q

Intra or retro peritoneal?

A
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12
Q

What are the retroperitoneal organs?

A

Supradrenal gland

Aorta/IVC

Duodenum

Pancreas except tail

Ureter

Kidney

Bladder

Colon

Oesophagus

Rectum

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13
Q

What is the pneumonic for retroperitoneal organs?

A

Supradrenal gland

Aorta/ IVC

Duodenum (second and third part)

Pancreas

Ureter

Colon (ascending and descending)

Kidneys

Eosophagus

Rectum

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14
Q

What is the lesser sac?

A

Space sequestered behind the stomach

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15
Q

What do the lesser and greater sac communicate through?

A

The epiploic foramen

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16
Q

What are the lesser and greater sacs and where do they lie?

A

Lesser sac- The lesser sac lies posterior to the stomach and lesser omentum

Greater- The greater sac is the larger portion of the peritoneal cavity

17
Q

Through which passage do the 2 sacs communicate?

A

Epiploic foramen

18
Q

Describe the boundaries of the epiploic foramen

A

Superior to the duodenum

Inferior to the posterior liver

Superior and posterior to the stomach

Posterior to the hepatoduodenal ligament

19
Q

What is the greater ommentum attached from and to?

A

Attaches from the greater curvature of the stomach to the transverse colon

20
Q

What is the lesser omentum attached from and to?

A

Attaches from the duodenum to the liver

21
Q
A
22
Q

What is the greater omeuntum?

A

Abdominal policeman

Lower margin and the left and right margins are free, and it moves about the abdominal cavity in response to peristaltic movements. In infection, especially appendicitis, inflammatory exudate causes the omentum to adhere to the site of infection, and wrap itself around the infected organ.

This localises the infection to a small area of the cavity, protecting against serious diffuse peritonitis.

23
Q

What is the difference between the omenta and mesentery attachments?

A

Mesenteries attach organ to wall, organ to other structure is an omenta

24
Q
A
25
Q

What is peritoneal pain?

A

Pain from the parietal peritoneum lining the abdominal wall is innervated by the lower 6 thoracic nerves and L1, thus pain here is somatic and can be precisely localized. It is extremely sensitive to stretching, made use of in clinical diagnosis – rebound tenderness.

26
Q

What is the visceral peritoneum innervated by?

A

Autonomic nerves. Pain is often referred, and is dull and poorly localised. Because the GI tract is a midline structure receiving bilateral nerve supply, pain is referred to the midline.

27
Q

What do retroperitoneal organs tend to cause?

A

Back pain

28
Q

What are the hepatoduodenal and hepatogastric ligaments a part of?

A

The lesser omentum

29
Q

What is the falciform ligament and what structures lie within its free border?

A

It is the thin, sickle-shaped, fibrous structure which connects the anterior part of the liver to the ventral wall of the abdomen. In its free border lies the ligamentum teres, a cordlike structure, which is a remanent of the umbilical vein.

30
Q

What structure in the free edge of the falciform ligament is a remnant of an embryonic blood vessel?

A

Round ligament

31
Q

What is the name of this vessel in the embryo?

A

Gubernaculum

32
Q

List 3 abdominal viscera which lie in the free edge of a double layer of peritoneum described as the mesentery.

A

Small intestine

Transverse mesocolon

Sigmoid mesocolon

Anatomy Decks (141 decks)

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