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Step 1 Review > Psych High Yield > Flashcards

Psych High Yield Flashcards

1
Q

“delisions, hallucinations, and/ or disorganized thought”

A

Psychosis

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2
Q

“delisions, hallucinations, and/ or disorganized thought”

A

Psychosis

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3
Q

“perceptions in the absence of external stimuli”

A

hallucinations

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4
Q

“unique, false beliefs about oneself or others that persst depit facts”

A

delusions

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5
Q

“words or ideas strung together based on sounds, puns or “loose associations”

A

Disorganized speech

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6
Q

“chronic mental disorder with periods of psychosis, disturbed behavior and though, and decline in functioning lasting >6 mo”

A

Schzophrenia

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7
Q

What does a diagnosis of shcizophrenia require?

A

2 of the following:

Delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, disorganized/ catatonic behavior, negative symptoms

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8
Q

Shizophrenia symptoms lasting

A

Brief psychotic disorder

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9
Q

Shizophrenia symptoms lasting from 1- 6 months

A

Schizophreniform disorder

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10
Q

Schizophrenia symotoms with episodic superimposed MDD or mania lasting > 2 weeks

A

Schizoaffective disorder

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11
Q

“fixed, persistent, false belief system lasting > 1 month”

A

delusional disorder

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12
Q

“distinct period of abnormally and persistently elevated, expanzive, or irritable mood and abnormally and persistently increased energy lasting at least 1 week”

A

Manic episode

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13
Q

What are the manifestations of mania?

DIG FAST

A

Distractibility
Irresponsiblity
Grandiosity

Flight of ideas
Increased in goal directed activity
Decreased need for sleep
talkativeness or pressured speech

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14
Q

“mania symptoms that last

A

Hypomanic episode

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15
Q

What is Bipolar I?

A

1 manic episode with or w/o a hypomanic or depressive episode

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16
Q

What is bipolar II?

A

Hypomanic and depressive episode

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17
Q

What is cyclothymic disorder?

A

Dysthymia and hypomania (milder form of bipolar disorder lasting at least 2 years

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18
Q

How long does a depression need to last to qualify as a MDD?

A

6- 12 months

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19
Q

What is dysthymia?

A

Presistent depressive disorder–> depression lasting at least 2 years

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20
Q

What are the symptoms of a MDD?

A 
Sleep disturbance
Loss of interet
Guilt
Energy loss
Concentration problems
Appetite/ weight changes
Psychomotor retardation
Suicidal ideation
Depressed mode
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21
Q

Is there increased or decreased REM sleep in depression?

A

Increased

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22
Q

What are the symptoms of atypical depression?

A

Mood reactivity, leaden paralysis long standing interpersonal rejection sensitivity, “hypersomnia

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23
Q

How long do post partum blues last?

A
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24
Q

“depressed affect, anxiety and poor concentration starting within 4 weeks of delivery”

A

Postpartum depression

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25
Q

“perceptions in the absence of external stimuli”

A

hallucinations

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26
Q

“unique, false beliefs about oneself or others that persst depit facts”

A

delusions

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27
Q

“words or ideas strung together based on sounds, puns or “loose associations”

A

Disorganized speech

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28
Q

“chronic mental disorder with periods of psychosis, disturbed behavior and though, and decline in functioning lasting >6 mo”

A

Schzophrenia

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29
Q

What does a diagnosis of shcizophrenia require?

A

2 of the following:

Delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, disorganized/ catatonic behavior, negative symptoms

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30
Q

Shizophrenia symptoms lasting

A

Brief psychotic disorder

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31
Q

Shizophrenia symptoms lasting from 1- 6 months

A

Schizophreniform disorder

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32
Q

Schizophrenia symotoms with episodic superimposed MDD or mania lasting > 2 weeks

A

Schizoaffective disorder

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33
Q

“fixed, persistent, false belief system lasting > 1 month”

A

delusional disorder

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34
Q

“distinct period of abnormally and persistently elevated, expanzive, or irritable mood and abnormally and persistently increased energy lasting at least 1 week”

A

Manic episode

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35
Q

What are the basic characteristics of the 3 personality disorder clusters?

A

A- weird

B- Wild

C- Wacky

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36
Q

“mania symptoms that last

A

Hypomanic episode

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37
Q

What is Bipolar I?

A

1 manic episode with or w/o a hypomanic or depressive episode

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38
Q

What is bipolar II?

A

Hypomanic and depressive episode

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39
Q

What is cyclothymic disorder?

A

Dysthymia and hypomania (milder form of bipolar disorder lasting at least 2 years

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40
Q

How long does a depression need to last to qualify as a MDD?

A

6- 12 months

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41
Q

What is dysthymia?

A

Presistent depressive disorder–> depression lasting at least 2 years

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42
Q

What are the symptoms of a MDD?

A 
Sleep disturbance
Loss of interet
Guilt
Energy loss
Concentration problems
Appetite/ weight changes
Psychomotor retardation
Suicidal ideation
Depressed mode
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43
Q

Is there increased or decreased REM sleep in depression?

A

Increased

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44
Q

What are the symptoms of atypical depression?

A

Mood reactivity, leaden paralysis long standing interpersonal rejection sensitivity, “hypersomnia

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45
Q

How long do post partum blues last?

A
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46
Q

“depressed affect, anxiety and poor concentration starting within 4 weeks of delivery”

A

Postpartum depression

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47
Q

“mood congruent delusions, hallucinations and thoughts of harming self or baby”

A

Postpartum psychosis

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48
Q

How long does pathologic grief last?

A

> 6 months

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49
Q

What are the AEs of electroconvuslive therapy?

A

Disorientation, temporary headache, partial anterograde/ retrograde amnesia

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50
Q

“recurrent panic attacks assocatiated with 4 symptoms (palpitations, paresthesias, abd distress, nausea, intense fear of dying or losing control, light headed, chest pain, chills, skaking, shortness of breath”

A

Panic disorder

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51
Q

“fear that is excessive or unreasonable and interferes with normal function that is cued by presence or anticipation of a specific object or situation”

A

specific phobia

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52
Q

“anxiety lasting >6mo unrelated to a specific person, situation or event”

A

Generalized anxiety disorder

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53
Q

“recurring, intrusive thoughts, felling, or sensations that cause severe distress relieved in part by the performatnce of repetitive actions (compulsions)

A

OCD

54
Q

“persstent reexperiencing of a previous traumatic event that may involve nightmares, flashbacks, intense fear helpness horror lasting >1 month”

A

PTSD

55
Q

What are 2 forms of factitious disorder?

A

Munchausen syndrome and Munchausen syndrome by proxy

56
Q

“preoccupation with and fear of having a serious illness despite medical evaluation and reassurance”

A

Illness anxiety disorder (hypochondiriasis)

57
Q

“variety of complaint in one or more organ systems for months to years”

A

Somatic symptom disorder

58
Q

What are the basic characteristics of the 3 personality disorder clusters?

A

A- weird

B- Wild

C- Wacky

59
Q

What are the 3 Cluster A personality disorders?

A

Paranoid
Schizoid
Schizotypal

60
Q

“pervasive distrust and suspisciousness, projections is the major defense mechanism”

A

Paranoid personality disorder

61
Q

“voluntary social withdrawal, limited emotional expression, content with social isolation”

A

Schizoid personality disorder

62
Q

“Eccentric appearance, odd beliefs or magical thinking, interpersonal awkwardness”

A

Schizotypal personality disorder

63
Q

What are the 4 Cluster B personality disorders?

A

Antisocial
Borderline
Histrionic
Narcissistic

64
Q

“disregard for and violatino of rights of others, criminality, impulsivity”

A

Antisocial personality disorder

65
Q

“unstable mood and interpersonal relationships, impulsivity, self mutilation, boredom, sense of emptiness”

A

Borderline personality disorder

66
Q

“excessive emotionality and excitability, attention seeking, sexually provocative, overly concerned with appearance”

A

Histrionic personality disorder

67
Q

“grandiosity, sense of entitlement, lack empathy, demands to be the best”

A

Narcissistic personality disorder

68
Q

What are the 3 cluster C personality disorders?

A

Avoidant
Obsessive- Compulsive
Dependent

69
Q

“hypersensitive to rejection, socially inhibited, timid, feelings of inadequacy, desires relationships with others”

A

Avoidant personality disorder

70
Q

“Preoccupation with order, perfectionism, anc control”

A

Obsessive- compulsive personality disorder

71
Q

“submissive and clingy, excssive need to be taken care of, low self- confidence”

A

Dependent personality disorder

72
Q

What antidepressent should be avoided in anorexics and bulemics?

A

Bupropion

73
Q

What is an indicative sign of bulemia?

A

enamel erosion, alkalosis, and dorsal hand calluses from induced vomiting

74
Q

What stage of sleep does sleep tremor disorder?

A

non- REM sleep

75
Q

Production of what is deficient in narcolepsy?

A

Decreased hypocretin (orexin) production in lateral hypothalamus

76
Q

What stage of sleep does Narcolepsy start with?

A

REM

77
Q

Antitode for opioids?

A

Nalaxone/ naltrexone

78
Q

“long acting opiod used for heroine detoxification or ling term maintenance”

A

Methadone

79
Q

“partial agonist of mu receptors used for reversal of opioids”

A

Buprenorphine

80
Q

“long acting opioid antagonist used for relapse prevention once detoxified”

A

naltrexone

81
Q

What is the drug used to condition the patient to abstain from alcohol use?

A

Disulfram (inhibits alcohol dehydrogenase)

82
Q

“life threatening alcohol withdrawal syndrome that peaks 2-4 days after last drink”

A

Delirium tremens (DTs)

83
Q

How long after last drink do alcoholic hallucinations begin?

A

12- 48 hours after last drink

84
Q

What is used to treat ADHD?

A

stimulants

85
Q

DOC for alcoholic withdrawal?

A

long acting benzo (chloradiazepoxide, lorazepam, diazepam)

86
Q

3 DOC for bipolar disprder?

A

1- lithium
2- valproic acid
3- atypical antipsychotics

87
Q

DOC for bulemia?

A

SSRI

88
Q

DOC for depression?

A

SSRI

89
Q

What are the 4 side effects fof lithium?

A

Movement (tremor)
Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
Hypothyroidism
Pregnancy problems

90
Q

2 DOC for OCD?

A

SSRI, clomipramine

91
Q

3 DOC for panic disorder?

A

SSRI, venlafazine, benzodiasepine

92
Q

2 DOC for PTSD?

A

SSRI, venlafazine

93
Q

DOC for schzophrenia?

A

Atypical antipsychotics

94
Q

DOC for social phobias?

A

SSRIs, beta blockers

95
Q

DOC for Tourette syndrome?

A

Antipsychotics

96
Q

What is the mechanism of stimulants (methylphenidate, methanphetamine”

A

increase catecholamine in the synaptic cleft

97
Q

Name the 3 high potency typical antipsychotics?

A

Trifluoperazine
Fluphenazine
Haloperidol

98
Q

What are the low potency typical antipsychotics?

A

Chlorpromzine

Thioridazine

99
Q

What are side effects typical antipsychotics?

A

High potency: EPS, huntington like symptsom and delerium

Low potency: anticholinergic, antihistimine, alpha1 blockade

100
Q

Which typical antipsychotics can lead to corneal deposits?

A

Chlorpromazine

101
Q

Which typical antipsychotics can lead to retinal deposits?

A

Thioridazine

102
Q

Which typical antipsychotics can lead to QT prolongation?

A

Thioridazine

103
Q

What is the treatment for neuroleptic malignant syndrome?

A

Dantroline

104
Q

“stereotypic oral- facial movements as a result of low term antipsychotic use”

A

Tardive dyskinesia (appears at 4 months)

105
Q

What are the atypical antopsychotics?

A

‘pines

‘dones

106
Q

What other receptors can atypical antipsychotcs block?

A

5-HT2, dopamine, and alpha and H1

107
Q

What is the mechanism of mirtazepine?

A

Alpha 2 antagonist (leads to increased release of NE and 5-HT) and a potent 5-HT2 and 5-HT3 receptor antagonist

108
Q

Which atypical can cause agranulocytosis?

A

clozapine

109
Q

Which 2 atypicals can cause significant weight gain?

A

Olazapine

Clozapine

110
Q

Which atypicals can cause prolonged QT?

A

ALL!!

111
Q

Where in the kidney is lithium reabsorbed?

A

PCT (with Na+)

112
Q

What are the 4 side effects fof lithium?

A

Movement (tremor)
Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
Hypothyroidism
Pregnancy problems

113
Q

What is the mechanism of buspirone?

A

Stimulates 5- HT 1A

114
Q

What is buspirone used for?

A

GAD

115
Q

Name the class:

Citolapram
Sertaline
Paroxitine
Fluoxetine

A

SSRIs

116
Q

What are 3 major side efects of SSRIs?

A

GI distress
SIADH
Sexual dysfunction

117
Q

What can cause serotonin syndrome?

A

SSRI + any drug that can increase 5-HT (MAOi, TCAs, SNRIs)

118
Q

What is serotonin syndrome treated with?

A

Cyproheptadine (5-HT2 receptor antagonist)

119
Q

Name the class:

Venlafazine
Duloxetine

A

SNRIs

120
Q

Name the class:

Amoxapine
Doxipin
Clomipramine
Desipramine
Imipramine
Nortriptyline
Amitriptyline
A

TCAs

121
Q

Mechanism of TCAs?

A

block reuptake of NE and 5-HT

122
Q

AEs of TCAs?

A

Postural hypotension, anticholinergic side effects, prolongation of QT interval

123
Q

How is TA overdose treated?

A

NaHCO3 (to prevent arrhythmia)

124
Q

Name a selective MAO-B inhibitor?

A

Selegiline

125
Q

Name the class:

Tranylcypromine
Phenelzine
Isocarboxazid
Selegiline

A

MAOi

126
Q

What is a major AE of MAOi?

A

Hypertensive crisis (with ingestion of tyramine)–> CNS stimulation

127
Q

What is an atypical antidepressant used for smoking cessatoin?

A

Bupropion

128
Q

What is the mechanism of trazodone?

A

Primarily blocks 5- HT2 and alpha 1 adrenergic receptors

129
Q

What is trazodone used for?

A

insomnia

130
Q

What is the mechanism of mirtazepine?

A

Alpha 2 antagonist (leads to increased release of NE and 5-HT) and a potent 5-HT2 and 5-HT3 receptor antagonist

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