Psych High Yield Flashcards
1
Q
“delisions, hallucinations, and/ or disorganized thought”
A
Psychosis
2
Q
“delisions, hallucinations, and/ or disorganized thought”
A
Psychosis
3
Q
“perceptions in the absence of external stimuli”
A
hallucinations
4
Q
“unique, false beliefs about oneself or others that persst depit facts”
A
delusions
5
Q
“words or ideas strung together based on sounds, puns or “loose associations”
A
Disorganized speech
6
Q
“chronic mental disorder with periods of psychosis, disturbed behavior and though, and decline in functioning lasting >6 mo”
A
Schzophrenia
7
Q
What does a diagnosis of shcizophrenia require?
A
2 of the following:
Delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, disorganized/ catatonic behavior, negative symptoms
8
Q
Shizophrenia symptoms lasting
A
Brief psychotic disorder
9
Q
Shizophrenia symptoms lasting from 1- 6 months
A
Schizophreniform disorder
10
Q
Schizophrenia symotoms with episodic superimposed MDD or mania lasting > 2 weeks
A
Schizoaffective disorder
11
Q
“fixed, persistent, false belief system lasting > 1 month”
A
delusional disorder
12
Q
“distinct period of abnormally and persistently elevated, expanzive, or irritable mood and abnormally and persistently increased energy lasting at least 1 week”
A
Manic episode
13
Q
What are the manifestations of mania?
DIG FAST
A
Distractibility
Irresponsiblity
Grandiosity
Flight of ideas
Increased in goal directed activity
Decreased need for sleep
talkativeness or pressured speech
14
Q
“mania symptoms that last
A
Hypomanic episode
15
Q
What is Bipolar I?
A
1 manic episode with or w/o a hypomanic or depressive episode
16
Q
What is bipolar II?
A
Hypomanic and depressive episode
17
Q
What is cyclothymic disorder?
A
Dysthymia and hypomania (milder form of bipolar disorder lasting at least 2 years
18
Q
How long does a depression need to last to qualify as a MDD?
A
6- 12 months
19
Q
What is dysthymia?
A
Presistent depressive disorder–> depression lasting at least 2 years
20
Q
What are the symptoms of a MDD?
A
Sleep disturbance Loss of interet Guilt Energy loss Concentration problems Appetite/ weight changes Psychomotor retardation Suicidal ideation Depressed mode
21
Q
Is there increased or decreased REM sleep in depression?
A
Increased
22
Q
What are the symptoms of atypical depression?
A
Mood reactivity, leaden paralysis long standing interpersonal rejection sensitivity, “hypersomnia
23
Q
How long do post partum blues last?
A
24
Q
“depressed affect, anxiety and poor concentration starting within 4 weeks of delivery”
A
Postpartum depression
25
"perceptions in the absence of external stimuli"
hallucinations
26
"unique, false beliefs about oneself or others that persst depit facts"
delusions
27
"words or ideas strung together based on sounds, puns or "loose associations"
Disorganized speech
28
"chronic mental disorder with periods of psychosis, disturbed behavior and though, and decline in functioning lasting >6 mo"
Schzophrenia
29
What does a diagnosis of shcizophrenia require?
2 of the following:
Delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, disorganized/ catatonic behavior, negative symptoms
30
Shizophrenia symptoms lasting
Brief psychotic disorder
31
Shizophrenia symptoms lasting from 1- 6 months
Schizophreniform disorder
32
Schizophrenia symotoms with episodic superimposed MDD or mania lasting > 2 weeks
Schizoaffective disorder
33
"fixed, persistent, false belief system lasting > 1 month"
delusional disorder
34
"distinct period of abnormally and persistently elevated, expanzive, or irritable mood and abnormally and persistently increased energy lasting at least 1 week"
Manic episode
35
What are the basic characteristics of the 3 personality disorder clusters?
A- weird
B- Wild
C- Wacky
36
"mania symptoms that last
Hypomanic episode
37
What is Bipolar I?
1 manic episode with or w/o a hypomanic or depressive episode
38
What is bipolar II?
Hypomanic and depressive episode
39
What is cyclothymic disorder?
Dysthymia and hypomania (milder form of bipolar disorder lasting at least 2 years
40
How long does a depression need to last to qualify as a MDD?
6- 12 months
41
What is dysthymia?
Presistent depressive disorder--> depression lasting at least 2 years
42
What are the symptoms of a MDD?
```
Sleep disturbance
Loss of interet
Guilt
Energy loss
Concentration problems
Appetite/ weight changes
Psychomotor retardation
Suicidal ideation
Depressed mode
```
43
Is there increased or decreased REM sleep in depression?
Increased
44
What are the symptoms of atypical depression?
Mood reactivity, leaden paralysis long standing interpersonal rejection sensitivity, "hypersomnia
45
How long do post partum blues last?
46
"depressed affect, anxiety and poor concentration starting within 4 weeks of delivery"
Postpartum depression
47
"mood congruent delusions, hallucinations and thoughts of harming self or baby"
Postpartum psychosis
48
How long does pathologic grief last?
>6 months
49
What are the AEs of electroconvuslive therapy?
Disorientation, temporary headache, partial anterograde/ retrograde amnesia
50
"recurrent panic attacks assocatiated with 4 symptoms (palpitations, paresthesias, abd distress, nausea, intense fear of dying or losing control, light headed, chest pain, chills, skaking, shortness of breath"
Panic disorder
51
"fear that is excessive or unreasonable and interferes with normal function that is cued by presence or anticipation of a specific object or situation"
specific phobia
52
"anxiety lasting >6mo unrelated to a specific person, situation or event"
Generalized anxiety disorder
53
"recurring, intrusive thoughts, felling, or sensations that cause severe distress relieved in part by the performatnce of repetitive actions (compulsions)
OCD
54
"persstent reexperiencing of a previous traumatic event that may involve nightmares, flashbacks, intense fear helpness horror lasting >1 month"
PTSD
55
What are 2 forms of factitious disorder?
Munchausen syndrome and Munchausen syndrome by proxy
56
"preoccupation with and fear of having a serious illness despite medical evaluation and reassurance"
Illness anxiety disorder (hypochondiriasis)
57
"variety of complaint in one or more organ systems for months to years"
Somatic symptom disorder
58
What are the basic characteristics of the 3 personality disorder clusters?
A- weird
B- Wild
C- Wacky
59
What are the 3 Cluster A personality disorders?
Paranoid
Schizoid
Schizotypal
60
"pervasive distrust and suspisciousness, projections is the major defense mechanism"
Paranoid personality disorder
61
"voluntary social withdrawal, limited emotional expression, content with social isolation"
Schizoid personality disorder
62
"Eccentric appearance, odd beliefs or magical thinking, interpersonal awkwardness"
Schizotypal personality disorder
63
What are the 4 Cluster B personality disorders?
Antisocial
Borderline
Histrionic
Narcissistic
64
"disregard for and violatino of rights of others, criminality, impulsivity"
Antisocial personality disorder
65
"unstable mood and interpersonal relationships, impulsivity, self mutilation, boredom, sense of emptiness"
Borderline personality disorder
66
"excessive emotionality and excitability, attention seeking, sexually provocative, overly concerned with appearance"
Histrionic personality disorder
67
"grandiosity, sense of entitlement, lack empathy, demands to be the best"
Narcissistic personality disorder
68
What are the 3 cluster C personality disorders?
Avoidant
Obsessive- Compulsive
Dependent
69
"hypersensitive to rejection, socially inhibited, timid, feelings of inadequacy, desires relationships with others"
Avoidant personality disorder
70
"Preoccupation with order, perfectionism, anc control"
Obsessive- compulsive personality disorder
71
"submissive and clingy, excssive need to be taken care of, low self- confidence"
Dependent personality disorder
72
What antidepressent should be avoided in anorexics and bulemics?
Bupropion
73
What is an indicative sign of bulemia?
enamel erosion, alkalosis, and dorsal hand calluses from induced vomiting
74
What stage of sleep does sleep tremor disorder?
non- REM sleep
75
Production of what is deficient in narcolepsy?
Decreased hypocretin (orexin) production in lateral hypothalamus
76
What stage of sleep does Narcolepsy start with?
REM
77
Antitode for opioids?
Nalaxone/ naltrexone
78
"long acting opiod used for heroine detoxification or ling term maintenance"
Methadone
79
"partial agonist of mu receptors used for reversal of opioids"
Buprenorphine
80
"long acting opioid antagonist used for relapse prevention once detoxified"
naltrexone
81
What is the drug used to condition the patient to abstain from alcohol use?
Disulfram (inhibits alcohol dehydrogenase)
82
"life threatening alcohol withdrawal syndrome that peaks 2-4 days after last drink"
Delirium tremens (DTs)
83
How long after last drink do alcoholic hallucinations begin?
12- 48 hours after last drink
84
What is used to treat ADHD?
stimulants
85
DOC for alcoholic withdrawal?
long acting benzo (chloradiazepoxide, lorazepam, diazepam)
86
3 DOC for bipolar disprder?
1- lithium
2- valproic acid
3- atypical antipsychotics
87
DOC for bulemia?
SSRI
88
DOC for depression?
SSRI
89
What are the 4 side effects fof lithium?
Movement (tremor)
Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
Hypothyroidism
Pregnancy problems
90
2 DOC for OCD?
SSRI, clomipramine
91
3 DOC for panic disorder?
SSRI, venlafazine, benzodiasepine
92
2 DOC for PTSD?
SSRI, venlafazine
93
DOC for schzophrenia?
Atypical antipsychotics
94
DOC for social phobias?
SSRIs, beta blockers
95
DOC for Tourette syndrome?
Antipsychotics
96
What is the mechanism of stimulants (methylphenidate, methanphetamine"
increase catecholamine in the synaptic cleft
97
Name the 3 high potency typical antipsychotics?
Trifluoperazine
Fluphenazine
Haloperidol
98
What are the low potency typical antipsychotics?
Chlorpromzine
| Thioridazine
99
What are side effects typical antipsychotics?
High potency: EPS, huntington like symptsom and delerium
Low potency: anticholinergic, antihistimine, alpha1 blockade
100
Which typical antipsychotics can lead to corneal deposits?
Chlorpromazine
101
Which typical antipsychotics can lead to retinal deposits?
Thioridazine
102
Which typical antipsychotics can lead to QT prolongation?
Thioridazine
103
What is the treatment for neuroleptic malignant syndrome?
Dantroline
104
"stereotypic oral- facial movements as a result of low term antipsychotic use"
Tardive dyskinesia (appears at 4 months)
105
What are the atypical antopsychotics?
'pines
'dones
106
What other receptors can atypical antipsychotcs block?
5-HT2, dopamine, and alpha and H1
107
What is the mechanism of mirtazepine?
Alpha 2 antagonist (leads to increased release of NE and 5-HT) and a potent 5-HT2 and 5-HT3 receptor antagonist
108
Which atypical can cause agranulocytosis?
clozapine
109
Which 2 atypicals can cause significant weight gain?
Olazapine
Clozapine
110
Which atypicals can cause prolonged QT?
ALL!!
111
Where in the kidney is lithium reabsorbed?
PCT (with Na+)
112
What are the 4 side effects fof lithium?
Movement (tremor)
Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
Hypothyroidism
Pregnancy problems
113
What is the mechanism of buspirone?
Stimulates 5- HT 1A
114
What is buspirone used for?
GAD
115
Name the class:
Citolapram
Sertaline
Paroxitine
Fluoxetine
SSRIs
116
What are 3 major side efects of SSRIs?
GI distress
SIADH
Sexual dysfunction
117
What can cause serotonin syndrome?
SSRI + any drug that can increase 5-HT (MAOi, TCAs, SNRIs)
118
What is serotonin syndrome treated with?
Cyproheptadine (5-HT2 receptor antagonist)
119
Name the class:
Venlafazine
Duloxetine
SNRIs
120
Name the class:
```
Amoxapine
Doxipin
Clomipramine
Desipramine
Imipramine
Nortriptyline
Amitriptyline
```
TCAs
121
Mechanism of TCAs?
block reuptake of NE and 5-HT
122
AEs of TCAs?
Postural hypotension, anticholinergic side effects, prolongation of QT interval
123
How is TA overdose treated?
NaHCO3 (to prevent arrhythmia)
124
Name a selective MAO-B inhibitor?
Selegiline
125
Name the class:
Tranylcypromine
Phenelzine
Isocarboxazid
Selegiline
MAOi
126
What is a major AE of MAOi?
Hypertensive crisis (with ingestion of tyramine)--> CNS stimulation
127
What is an atypical antidepressant used for smoking cessatoin?
Bupropion
128
What is the mechanism of trazodone?
Primarily blocks 5- HT2 and alpha 1 adrenergic receptors
129
What is trazodone used for?
insomnia
130
What is the mechanism of mirtazepine?
Alpha 2 antagonist (leads to increased release of NE and 5-HT) and a potent 5-HT2 and 5-HT3 receptor antagonist
