Key Associations Flashcards
Aortic aneurysm (abdominal)
Atherosclerosis
Aortic aneurysm (thoracic)
Marfan syndrome
Bleeding disorder with GIb deficiency?
Bernard- Soulier Syndrome (defect in platelet adhesion to von willebrand factor)
4 common adult brain tumors?
Metastasis
Astrocytoma
Meningioma
Schwannoma
2 common child brain tumors?
Medulloblastoma
Craniopharyngioma
What is cerebellar tonsillar herniation associated with?
Chiari II malformation
Congenital conjugated hyperbilirubinemia (black liver)
Dubin- Johnson Syndrome (inability of hepatocyes to secrete conjugated bilirubin into bile)
3 common causes of early cyanosis?
1- Tetralogy of Fallot
2- Transposition of great vessels
3- Truncus arteriosus
3 common causes of late cyanosis?
VSD
ASD
PDA
What is a cause of death in SLE?
Lupus Nephropathy
Demyelinating disease in young women
Multiple sclerosis
“ejection click”
aortic stenosis
Most common cause of glomerulonephritis in adults?
Gerger disease (IgA nephropthy)
Congenital heart murmur?
Mitral valve prolapse
Vessel injured in epidural hematoma?
Rupture of middle meningeal artery
Vessel injured in subdural hematoma?
Ruptured bridging veins (crescent shaped)
HLA- DR3 associated diseases?
Diabetes mellitus (type 1)
SLE
Graves
Hashimoto thyroiditis
HLA- DR4 diseases?
Diabetes mellitus type 1
Rheumatoid arthritis
3 causes of a holosystolic murmur?
VSD
Tricuspid regurgitation
Mitral regurgitation
Most common lysosomal storage disease?
Gaucher disease
2 most common cancers in children?
ALL
Medulloblastoma
What are the most common cancer to met to the bone?
Prostate
Breast
Lung
Thyroid
What are the most common cancers to met to the brain?
Lung Breast GU Melanoma GI
Most common cause of mitral valve stenosis?
Rheumatic heart disease
What is kallmann syndrome?
Hypogonadotropic hypogonadis and anosmia caused by neuron migration failure
“opening snap”
Mitral stenosis
Most common benign, bilateral ovarian tumor?
Serous cystadenoma
Most common malignant ovarian tumor?
Serous cystadenocarcinoma
Most common cause of primary amenorrhea?
Turner syndrome
Most common cause of pulmonary HTN?
COPD
What is S3?
Increased ventricular filling pressure (mitral regurgitation, HF, common in dilated ventricles)
What is S4?
Stiff hypertrophic ventricle (aortic stenosis, restrictuve cardiomyopathy)
Most common site of diverticula?
Sigmoid colon
t(14;18)?
Follicular lymphoma *BCL-2 actiation, anti-apoptotic oncogene)
Most common tumor in women?
Leimyoma (estrogen dependent, not precancerous)
Most common type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma?
Diffuse large B cell lymphoma
